QD-5型吊钩拉伸应力应变测试探究.pdfVIP

第十一届全国实验力学学术会议 大连 2005 QD-5 型吊钩拉伸应力应变测试研究 * 刘维波 张小鹏 邢怀念 金立强 （大连理工大学工程力学系 辽宁 大连 116024 ） 摘要：吊钩是起重装卸作业中极其重要的装卸工具连接件。但在使用中, 有时发生断裂, 出 现事故。介于此原因, 本文采用电测法对QD-5 型起重吊钩时材料和吊钩实物进行拉伸应力 应变测试, 通过试验分析吊钩的应力分布规律及危险点的塑变情况, 进而确定吊钩破坏的临 界载荷,并对吊钩的材料性能及吊钩实物的实测结果展开了分析与讨论, 提出建议。由分析得 知, 如何合理地运用冷作硬化技术, 提高材料线弹性阶段的承载能力, 更合理地使用延性好 的材料, 在工程中是比较重要的。 关键词：吊钩; 电测法; 应力; 应变 A test study on tensile strain and stress of hook QD-5 LIU Wei-bo ZHANG Xiao-peng XING Huai-nian JIN Li-qiang Dept. of Eng. Mechanjics, Dalian Univ. of Technol., 116024, China Abstract: The hook for crane has been widely used as an important connection part when load and unload. But fracture phenomenon would occur when the hook had been used now and then. So tensile strain and stress testing has been done on hook QD-5 for crane. Electromotive method has been applied to the testing. The testing results show stress distribution and plastic of danger zone. And the critical load could find from the testing results. A lot of analysis, discussion and suggestion have been put forward on material mechanical property and testing results in the article. The analysis results show that how to logical use cold-work hardening technology to improve the carrying capacity of linear elastic phase and better select ductile metals are important in engineering. Keywords: hook; electromotive method; strain; stress 1、引言 吊钩是起重装卸作业中极其重要的装卸工具连接件。但在使用中, 有时发生断裂, 出现 事故。因此, 大连造船厂工具实业公司委托大连理工大学振动与强度测试中心对其生产的 QD-5 型吊钩进行应力应变测试分析试验。我们模拟吊钩起吊重物, 采用电测法对吊钩进行 了应力应变测试, 通过试验分析吊钩的应力分布规律, 进而确定吊钩破坏的临界载荷，并对 吊钩的改形和选材提供依据。 *作者简介:刘维波(1958-),女,大学本科,高级工程师,主要研究方向:实验力学及计算机技术与应用。联系电话 电子信箱:liuwb@student.dlut.edu.cn