【鲁教版】2012届中考英语所有考点分析非谓语动词.docVIP

中考英语所有考点 第二部分：句法 考点十一：非谓语动词 一、动词不定式 1.动词不定式作宾语。 1)在动词want ,hope,would like,decide,wish, choose,try ,need等后常用动词不定式作宾语。 I hope ______(hear)from you soon . 2)think/find /feel /make it + adj + to do sth He found it difficult _______(get) to sleep. 3).stop to do sth / stop doing sth stop to do sth 停下来去做某事 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事。 After working for a long time , He has to stop _______(have ) a rest . He was very tired , so he had to stop ______(work). 2.动词不定式作宾语补。 1).带to的不定式作宾补的动词有：ask / like /would like /teach /tell /want /help +sb +to do sth Please ask him _________(come) quickly. 2).省掉to的不定式作宾补的动词有：let /make / hear /see /notice /have/watch+sb +do sth 注：省掉to的不定式的句子变被动语态时，需要还原to . He made the baby _______(stop) crying . The baby was made ______ _____ crying. 3.动词不定式作主语 1).动词不定式常可用作句子的主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 2).常用it作形式主语，而将不定式放在句子后面。 To do sth +谓语动词+adj /n = It +谓语动词+adj / n + to do sth To get an injection is a little painful . _____ a little painful ____ ____ an injection 4.动词不定式作定语 动词不定式作定语放在被修饰词之后 名词或代词+to do(介词) 注：若构成的不定式的动词为不及物动词时，其后加上相应的介词。 I want a pen to write ______. I want a piece of paper to write ______. 5.动词不定式与疑问词连用 疑问词+ to do sth 注：在宾语从句中，若主从句的主语一致时，宾语从句可简化为“疑问词+to do sth”. Can you tell me how I can get to the hospital ? Can you tell me _____ ____ ____ the hospital. 6.动词不定式可作状语 1).动词不定式可作目的状语 在come / go / leave 后面接动词不定式作目的状语。 He came here ______(get)his book. 2).动词不定式可作原因状语 表语形容词（sorry/sad/happy/ glad /afraid/ pleased）后与动词不定式连用作原因状语 He was glad _______(see) his wife. 3).动词不定式可作结果状语 在too…to …, not …enough to …句型中的动词不定式作结果状语。 He was too tired _______(walk) on . 7.动词不定式作表语 be + to do sth 注：动词不定式作表语可以和主语的位置互换，且常表将来。 Her wish is _______(become) a doctor . _____ _____ is her wish . 8.动词不定式的否定形式 在动词不定式的前面加not . He told me _______(not stay) here . 9.动词不定式符号的省略和保留情况。 1).动词不定式符号的省略情况 若两个或两个以上的不定式并列时，第一个不定式符号不能省略，其余的省掉to .但两者有对比关系时，to都不能省略。 Edison’s mother taught him to write and read . I haven’t decided to go home or to go to the cinema. 2)省掉不定式而保留动词不定式符号to的情况。