维持社会稳定的几个因素及其相互之间的关系.pdfVIP

维持社会稳定的几个因素及其相互之间的关系 ——对“中国特色”的一种理论诠释 李文华 Several Factors Maintaining Social Stability and the Mutual Relations among Them: A Kind of Theoretial Annotation to Chinese characteristics Li Wenhua Two questions are concerned in this paper: The first is which factors or strengths maintain how to maintain the societys stability? The second is what are the relations among these factors? Reply the first question follows the methodology of function. It is also the summary of the predecessors’ viewpoints about this question. The way Solved the second question is divided into two levels: On methodology level, we absorb the structuralism thought, Namely regard the stable society as a system or a structure; On the other level, analogism is used as a kind of concrete method to discover the structure of the system. Drawing a analogy between a natural system and a social system, the meaning of the various factors in the social system are confirmed, and the relations among them are established as follow: Social behavior rules’ control strength (P) = K × social behavior population (N) × social behavior ability (T)/social behavior space (V). According to this theory, we annotate the meaning of Chinese characteristics: It refers to not only the various essential factors in Chinese social structure, but also the mutual relations among them. Key words: Social stability Factors Analogy Relations Chinese characteristics 内容提要： 本文所关注的问题有二：一是哪些因素或者什么力量维持又怎样维持着一个社会的稳 定？二是这些因素之间存在怎样的关系？回答第一个问题遵循功能主义方法论原则，对前人 在这个问题上的观点进行简要梳理。解决第二个这个问题的方法分为两个层次：在方法论的 层面上，吸收了结构主义的思想，即把稳定的社会视为一个系统、一个结构；而在发现结构 的具体方法层面上，采用的是类比法，把自然系统中一个稳定系统的结构类比到稳定的社会 系统中来，它不仅确认了社会系统中各种要素的含义，而且建立了它们之间的相互关系：社 会行为规则的控制力量（P）=K×社会行为的人数（N）×社会行为的能力（