lecture 10 pragmatics 1【荐】.ppt

Lecture 10 Pragmatics (1) Teaching focus The historical development of pragmatics The scope of pragmatics The differences between pragmatics and semantics The notion of context Sentence meaning vs. utterance meaning Speech act theory Austin’s model of speech acts Searle’s classification of speech acts The origin and the development of pragmatics Pragmatics is a young science. G.Leech remarked in 1983: “fifteen years ago, pragmatics was mentioned by linguists rarely, if at all.” Pragmatics originates from philosophy and logic and it was first mentioned by Charles W. Morris in 1971. Since the early 1970s, a growing interest in pragmatics and pragmatic problems has witnessed worldwide. The international journal of pragmatics came into being in1977. The International Pragmatic Association (IPA) has been existed since 1985. Major works on pragmatics Austin, J.2002.How to do things with Words. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press Leech,G. Principles of pragmatics. London: longman. Mey,J.L.2001.Pragmatics: An introduction. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press. What is pragmatics? A general definition is that it is the study of how speakers of a language use sentences to effect successful communication. Pragmatics is the study of language use from a functional perspective and is concerned with the principles that account for how meaning is communicated by the speaker /writer and interpreted by the listener/reader in certain context. It studies the contextual meaning. Pragmatics is the study of language in use. Pragmatics is the study of speaker’s meaning (the speaker’s intended meaning or even the invisible meaning) What is the main difference between semantics and pragmatics? Discussion My bag is heavy.( semantic analysis) My bag is heavy.( pragmatic analysis) Semantics focuses on the meaning that comes from linguistic knowledge without considering the context. Pragmatics studies the m