数据库名词解释【荐】.docVIP

1. DBMS A database management system is a collection of interrelated data and a set of programs to access those data. A database management system is the software system that allows users to define, create and maintain a database and provides controlled access to the data. Database Schema the logical structure of the database Data model A collection of tools for describing 。Data ，Data relationships，Data semantics，Data constraints 4. data: By data, we mean known facts that can be recorded and that have implicit meaning. 数据是可被记录并且有隐含意义的已知事实。 database: A database is a collection of related data. 数据库是有关联数据的集合。 DBMS：A database management system is a collection of programs that enable users to create and maintain a database. 数据库管理系统是一组可支持用户来创建和管理数据库的程序集合。 database system: We call the database and DBMS software together a database system. 数据库和数据库管理系统统称为数据库系统。 Database catalog contains information such as the structure of each file, the type and stored format of each data item, and various constraints on the data. 数据库目录包含每个文件的结构，每条数据项的类型和存储格式，以及针对数据的不同约束等信息。 Program-data independence：It is a property of database system that the structure of data file is stored in the DBMS catalog separately from the access programs。 程序-数据独立性：是一种数据结构文件存储于DBMS目录与访问程序分开的一种机制。 user view: A view may be a subset of the database or it may contain virtual data that is derived from the database files but is not explicitly stored. 用户视图：一个视图是数据库的一个子集，或者说是由数据库文件导出的虚数据，并不是真正存储的数据。 DBA database administrator ：The DBA is responsible for authorizing access to the database, for coordinating and monitoring its use, and for acquiring software and hardware resources as needed. 数据库管理员是负责对数据库进行授权，协调和监管数据库的使用，并根据需要获取软硬件资源的人员。 end user: End users are people whose jobs require access to database for querying ,updating, and generating reports; the database primarily exists for their use. 最终用户是需要访问数据库进行查询、更新数据并产生报表的人员。数据库就是为他们提供服务的。 canned transaction: Standard types of queries and updates which have been careful