2012_CPA_财管_网校_英语.pdf

2012 年注册会计师-财管-英语讲义-全 专题一 财务报表分析 知识点 1：传统财务报表分析 traditional financial statements analysis 一、 短期偿债能力分析 liquidity, the analysis of enterprise ability to pay short-term debt 单一指标分析：下列指标提高，短期偿债能力增强。 Single financial ratio analysis: the higher of the indicators means the higher liquidity, the short-term debt-paying ability to enhance. 类 指标及计算公式 要点提示 型 （1）营运资本是绝对数，不便于不同企业之间比 营运资本 较。（2）营运资本的合理性主要通过短期债务的存 ＝流动资产－流动负债 量比率评价。 ＝长期资本－长期资产 （1 ）A positive value of working capital working capital indicates that there are enough current assets ＝current assets－currentto cover current obligations. Working capital liabilities is an absolute measure; It is difficult to ＝ long-term capital －compare different companies. long-term assets （2） In practice, evaluating short-term debt ratio can measure the rationality of working capital. 流动比率＝流动资产/流动 负债×100% 存 ＝1÷ （1－营运资本配置比 量 率） 1.不存在统一的、标准的流动比率数值。 比 其中：营运资本配置比率＝ 2.流动比率是短期偿债能力的粗略估计。 较 营运资本/流动资产×100% （1）It is not a single standard current ratio. Current ratio ＝ current In practice, a ratio comfortably in excess of assets/current 1 should be expected, but that comfortable liabilities varies from business to business. ＝1÷ （1－working capital （2 ）Current ratio is a rough estimate of distribution ratio） liquidity. Working capital distribution ratiow