江西省吉水中考英语《动词和动词短语》同步练习题人教新目标版.docVIP

动词和动词短语 一、重点难点解析 对动词和动词短语主要考查词义辨析，动词的用法与搭配及一词多义；在具体语境中正确使用动词短语。要特别注意一些最常用的词汇，如get, make, have, take等。 1: 动词分类一览表 动 词 的 分 类 行为动词 实义动词 及物动词 vt. ＋宾语 He sang a song for us. 不及物动词 vi. 后不加宾语 He arrived late. ＋介词 He arrived in Beijing at10 a.m. 系动词 表人或事物的特征和状态：be, feel, appear, seem, look, sound等 He is a farmer. He seems angry. 表状态变化：become, get, go, turn, grow, fall等 The fish went bad. He became a doctor. 表状态的延续或持续：keep, remain, stay等 It keeps warm. He remained silent. 助动词 不能独立作谓语，须与动词原形或分词构成合成谓语 ：be, have, do, shall和 will的各种形式 Do come tomorrow. I have bought a car. 情态动词can could , may might , shall should , will would , must, need, dare等 He may come tomorrow. We must study hard. 注：有些动词是兼类词。如：We have lunch at 12. 行为动词 /We have been to Japan. 助动词 2: 常见动词辨析 1. appear, become，grow, stay 除be外，还有些动词可以用作系动词。这些动词用作系动词时，仍然有动词的含义，故有的语法学家称之为“半系动词”。常见的这类系动词有：appear 显得 ，become 变成 ，grow 变得 ，stay（保持 。这些系动词不能单独作谓语，必须与表语 多为形容词 一起构成合成谓语。 其他常见的系动词还有：fall 落入 ，feel 感觉 ，get 成为 ，go 变得 ，keep 保持 ，look 看上去 ，prove 证明 ，remain 还是 ，seem 似乎 ，smell 闻起来 ，sound 听起来 ，taste 尝起来 ，turn 变成 。例如： That sounds great. 听起来妙极了。 As he grew older, his songs became more humorous and optimistic. 随着年龄的增长，他的歌变得更加风趣、乐观了。 After that, what really happened to the Amber Room remains a mystery. 从那以后，琥珀屋的最终所归仍旧是一个谜。 Roy went bright red. 罗伊满脸通红。 注意：英语的系表结构中，有一些固定搭配，如：fall asleep / ill / sick; go bad / blind / dead / hungry / pale / red / rotten / tired / wrong; grow angry / big / cold / calm / dark / fat / hot / loud / old / rich / serious / thin / tall / worse; keep calm / close / cool / fit / fine / near / quiet / silent / warm。 2. say, speak, talk, tell say强调说话的内容，如say something about；say 还有“表明，建议”之意，如Let’s meet next week—shall we say Tuesday? speak强调说话的能力，如The baby can speak. 婴儿会说话了。 talk强调两个人谈话，如talk to／with sb. 。tell是指一个人对另外一个人说什么事，如tell us a story。 注意这几个词的一些习惯搭配，如：The letter／notice says that...__________ ；It is said that.. _________；talk big_________；tell...from... _________；speak at the meeting___