硫酸_硝酸摩尔比对苯硝化反应影响的实验研究.pdfVIP

第 2 8卷 第 4 期 青 海 大 学 学 报 ( 自 然 科 学 版 ) V o l28 N o4 2010 年 8 月 Journal o f Q ingha i U niversity( N ature Science) A ug2010 / ( 266042) : 本文在内径 015 m 高 0375 m 体积 0006 5 m3 的无挡板玻璃反应器中对苯硝化反应 过程进行了研究研究结果 明: 硝基苯在酸相中的溶解度与硫酸/硝酸摩尔比有直接关系 随着硫酸/硝酸摩尔比增大 硝基苯在酸相中的溶解度明显增大 面张力逐渐减小当硫酸/ 硝酸摩尔比为 38~ 47 时 1 3- 二硝基苯的收率非常低当硫酸 /硝酸摩尔比大于 53 时 随摩尔比增大 1 3- 二硝基苯在酸相中的浓度和收率迅速增加随硫酸浓度增大 硝酸转化 率明显增大 : 苯硝化; 1 3- 二硝基苯; 混酸; 硝化剂; 收率 : TQ 42694 : A : 1006- 8996 ( 2010) 04 - 0012 - 04 Experimental investigation on nitration of benzene atdifferentmolar ratio of sulfuric acid and nitric acid ZHOU Xuelin, HE Chenchen, ZHAN Ka,i CAO Changqing ( Co llege of Chem ical Eng ineering Q ingdao U n iversity of Sc ience and T echno logy Q ingdao 266042 China) Abstract: T he nitrat ion o f benzene in an unb affled g lass reactor w ith 0. 15 m in d iam eter 0. 375 m 3 in heigh t and 0. 0065 m w ith cap ac ity w as investigated system ically in our expermi ents. T he results show ed th at so lubility of n itrobenzene in the ac id phase depended strong ly on the m olar ratio of sulfu ric ac id and n itric acid. A s the m o lar ratio o f su lfuric ac id and n itr ic acid increased the so lub ility increased trem endously. The surface ten sion how ever decreased w ith increase in the m o lar rat io o f su lfuric acid and n itric acid. It w as also found from expermi ents that the y ield of 1 3- D in itroben zene w as very low as the m o lar ratio of su lfuric acid and nitric acid w as from 3. 8 to 4. 7. W hen the m o lar ratio o f sulfuric acid and nitric acid w asm ore th an