英语语音：Unit 8 Sentence stress I.pptVIP

Unit 8 Sentence Stress in English (I) Sentence stress Definition: Sentence stress is the relative degree of force given to different words in a sentence. Q: What kinds of words in a sentence are usually stressed/unstressed? A: In general, in a sentence, content words are stressed, but function words are unstressed. Q: What are “content words” and “function words” respectively? Content word and function word Content word A word, such as a noun, verb, or adjective, that has a statable lexical meaning, rather than indicating a syntactic function, as a function word does. 实词：有可陈述的语汇意义，例如名词、动词或形容词，而不是如同虚词一样地指示句法功能的字 Function word A word, such as a preposition, a conjunction, or an article, that has little semantic content of its own and chiefly indicates a grammatical relationship. Also called ?form word ,functor 功能词/虚词：如介词、连词或冠词等一类主要用于指明一种语法关系的语义很虚的词 Their functions Content word: giving information about who, what, when, where, why, how expressing the main idea or content of the phrase or sentence Function word: connecting the content words to form grammatical sentences. Content words are usually stressed: Other Examples: Function words are usually unstressed: 补充： Verbs that can be used as auxiliaries are usually unstressed in sentences 非实义动词(助动词auxiliary和情态动词modal auxiliary)在句子中通常不重读。 1. auxiliaries助动词: be (am, is, are, were, was), shall (should), will (would), have (has, had), do (does, did) E.g. John is studying Chinese. / The meeting will be canceled. / They do not go to church on Sundays. 2. modal auxiliaries情态动词：can (could), may (might), must, have to (has to, had to), shall (should), will (would), ought to, dare, need, used to E.g. I can do that. / He may go to Shanghai tomorrow. / Your must be careful. Exceptions 例外： 1. 助动词和情态动词否定式的缩写形式要重读。 I do not know. ? I don’t know. You should not leave. ? You shouldn’t leave. 2. 助动词和情态动词放在疑问句句首，或者在附加疑问句中，要重读。 Did he enjoy it? / Are you ready? / Can I help you? / She isn’t a doctor, is she? (例外: 如