2015年上海外国语大学MTI翻译硕士考研真题(一).docVIP

2015年上海外国语大学MTI翻译硕士考研真题（一） 　　英语基础 　　一、Filling following blanks with a word. 　　Nicholas Kristof is a New York Times columnist.? 　　?2014/the new york times 　　American Dream is Leaving America 　　The best escalator to opportunity in the US is education. But a new study underscores that the escalator is broken.? 　　We expect each generation to do better, but, currently, more young American men have less education (29%) than their parents than have more education (20%).? 　　Among young Americans whose parents didn’t graduate from high school, only 5% make it through college themselves. In other rich countries, the figure is 23%.? 　　The US is devoting billions of dollars to compete with Russia militarily, but maybe we should try to compete educationally. Russia now has the largest percentage of adults with a university education of any industrialized country—a position once held by the US, although we’re plunging in that roster.? 　　These figures come from the annual survey of education from the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, or OECD, and it should be a shock to Americans. A basic element of the American dream is equal access to education as the lubricant of social and economic mobility. But the American dream seems to have emigrated because many countries do better than the US in educational mobility, according to the OECD study.? 　　As recently as 2000, the US still ranked second in the share of the population with a college degree. Now we have dropped to fifth. Among 25-to-34-year-olds—a glimpse of how we will rank in the future—we rank 12th, while once-impoverished South Korea tops the list.? 　　A new Pew survey finds that Americans consider the greatest threat to our country to be the growing gap between the rich and poor. Yet we have constructed an education system, dependent on local property taxes, that provides great schools for the rich kids in the suburbs who need the least help, and broken, dangerous schools for inner-city children who desper