Net Work.doc

Computer net work and communication Introduce some basic ideas about network classification, net work protocols and network devices. Based on their scate, network can be classified as LAN(local area network)WAN(wide area network)MAN(metropolitan大都市的 area network).the basic hardware components of network are network interface card，routers ,repeaters(amplifier). We mainly learned modem and router. Modem (from modulator-demodulator) is a device that modulates an analog carrier signal to encode digital information, and also demodulates such a carrier signal to decode the transmitted information. The goal is to produce a signal that can be transmitted easily and decoded to reproduce the original （原始的）digital data. A router is a networking device whose software and hardware are usually tailored（使适合） to the tasks of routing（路径选择） and forwarding（发送） information. For example, on the Internet, information is directed to various paths by routers. TCP operates at a higher level(there are 4 levels of The Internet Protocol Suite[swi:t], Application Layer, transport layer, internet layer, link layer), concerned only with the two end systems, for example a Web browser (浏览器)and a Web server. IP works by exchanging pieces of information called packets. A packet is a sequence of bytes and consists of a header followed by a body. The header describes the packets destination and, optionally（随意的）, the routers to use for forwarding—generally in the right direction—until it arrives at its final destination. The body contains the data which IP is transmitting. When IP is transmitting data on behalf（代表，利益） of TCP, the content(内容) of the IP packet body is TCP payload（有效负载）. Layer: A way to organize network architecture. The application layer is where network applications and their application-layer protocols reside（存在于）. The internet’s transport layer transports application-layer messages between the client （客户）and server sides of an application. The internet’s network layer is responsible（有