水肥一体与现代农业的相关思考.ppt

地膜覆盖 长效肥料 传统农业 向 现代农业快速转变！ 新视野、新思路新模式、新机制肥料、种子、农药、地膜、托盘、管材、机械、设备、装置新农业 LPS? – 系统组成部分 * Agricultural intensification calls for more effective and efficient use of plant nutrients. Increasing the efficiency of fertilizers, nitrogen in particular, increases agricultural productivity and minimizes the negative impacts on the environment. Low efficiency translates into excess use of fertilizers, particularly nitrogen, leading to heavy costs to the economy and the environment. China and India rank first and second in IFA’s list of top fertilizer consuming countries, while the United States ranks third. In developed countries like in Western Europe (cereals), North America (maize), Japan and Korea (irrigated rice) yields have increased (by about 60 to 100 per cent above world average) without significant increases in nitrogen fertilizer use. In most developing regions, like China and India, nitrogen use efficiency has room for improvement. Meeting the challenge of increasing nitrogen use efficiency and crop yields simultaneously is difficult but possible. The key to success on a global scale is the establishment of a commercial, technical and regulatory environment that encourages site-specific agronomic improvements on farms, particularly in developing countries. Application in terms of the right products, at the right rate, at the right time and in the right place, helps optimize nitrogen use efficiency which in turn, reduces nitrogen losses and will benefit the farmers, society and the environment. * 水肥一体与现代农业 高祥照 中国☆内蒙 二〇一四年六月十四日 Prof. Dr. Gao Xiangzhao 国家粮食安全战略 以我为主 立足国内 确保产能 适度进口 科技支撑 人多、地少、水缺 肥多、地少、水缺 灌溉施肥，实现水、 肥资源的科学精确利用 实现六个转变 渠道输水向管道输水转变 由浇地向给庄稼供水转变 土壤施肥向作物施肥转变 水肥分开向水肥耦合转变 单一技术向综合管理转变 传统农业向现代农业转变 水肥一体化，是发展现代农业的重大技术，更是“资源节约、环境友好”现代农业的“一号技术”。 K N P 作物 土壤 水 肥料 滴头 灌溉施肥 肥料利用率Nitrogen use efficiency 印度肥料利用率 INDIA - N use efficiency (PFP: kg grain/kg N applied) 中国肥料利用率 CHINA - N use efficiency (PFP: kg grain/kg N applied) 美国的肥料利用率 Nitrogen Partial Fac