从黑水城文书看元代亦集乃路农业.pdfVIP

摘要 本文主要以中国内蒙藏、英藏、俄藏黑水城出土元代汉文文书作为主要资料来源，通过对文 书的研读、分析，力求向读者展现元代亦集乃路地区的农业概况。文章正文分为四个部分：第一 部分论述了亦集乃路屯田开发的概况，重新考证了亦集乃路的屯田面积和屯户数，并对该路的屯 田类型、屯田户的构成做以分类!11纳，最后还阐述了当地屯田管理机构的演变。第二部分论述了 亦集乃路农田水利的开发与管理，主要以该路灌溉渠道的考述为重点，并兼顾灌溉管理制度等。 第三部分对亦集乃路农作物的种类进行考述，从粮食作物、经济作物、药材三个方面展开。第四 部分论述了亦集乃路耕作技术的进步，具体阐述了区田法、桑粮间作、牛耕等技术在当地的应用。 从本人搜集到的相关资料可以看出，目前尚未有系统介绍元代亦集乃路农业的文章，笔者试图通 过本文使人们对元代亦集乃路的农业有宏观、系统、深入的把握，同时又在前人的研究成果上有 所突破，展现了亦集乃路农业的特色。 关键词：黑水城文书，元代，亦集乃路，农业 Ⅱ Abstract Basedonthe datasstoredinInner China of andBritishandRussianofficial principal Mongolia documentsin Khara—Khoto Chinesein oftheYuan toshowreaders Dynasty,thispapertry general situationabout in lbadoftheYuan careful and on agricultureYijinai Dynastyby readinganalyzing official this documents．Theof consistsoffour fast discussesthe body papermainly parts．Thepart of or wastelandand developmentTuntian garrisontroopspeasantsopenup grow R．oad， grain inYijinai researches and Tuntianarea thenumberofcultivation andconcludesTuntian households，clsssifies and household demonstratestheTuntian evolutionatlast．The types composition，and organization’S second the reviews and offarmlandand worksin part exploitationmanagement Road, irrigation V可inai which narrateabout channel to and attentionthe of mainly irrigative give systemirrigativemanagement． third The statesthe of in RoadfromGrain andmedicinal pan typescropsYijinai crops，Economiccrops materialsthree fourthdealswiththe ofthecutivation aspects．Thepart progresses technique，which the ofOutian andSOoninthis embodyapplication grain technique，mulberryplanting，cattlefarming therehavebeen110 locality．Atpresent articlesavailablethatintroduce in systemicllyagricultureYijinai Roadin view ofrelativeinformationof authortomake mysearching，The try people and the in RoadintheYuan macroscopicly,systematicallygraspagriculture thoroughly Yijinai Dynasty, meanwhilethis break the researchresultsandshowthecharacteristicsof paper tll|1lghprevious here． agriculture words：offici