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高中语法归纳表
高中语法归纳简表
时态 (标注星号的八个时态为重点时态)
现在范畴
一般现在时 *****
主语+动词原形
(主语是第三人称单数,谓语动词要加s, 变三单)
I like sports. He likes sports.
2. 现在进行时 *****
主语+am/is/are+doing
They are building a new cinema here and hope to finish it next year.
3. 现在完成时 *****
主语+have/has done
Have you had your lunch yet?
He has been to Beijing twice.
4. 现在完成进行时
主语+have/has been doing
Now that she is out of a job, Lucy has been considering going back to school, but she hasn’t decided yet.
现在完成时与现在完成进行时的区别:
现在完成时强调:① 动作已完成 ②动作结果
现在完成进行时强调:① 动作尚未完成 ②动作本身
过去范畴
5. 一般过去时 *****
主语+动词过去式(规则加ed, 不规则动词必背)
I didn’t know you were here.
I never thought he would do that.
6. 过去进行时 *****
主语+was/were+doing
--You were out when I dropped in at your office yesterday.
--Oh, I was having a meeting.
7. 过去完成时 *****
主语+had done (强调过去的过去,必有另一个过去的动作做参照)
The film had been on for half an hour when I got to the cinema.
I arrived late; I hadn’t expected the road to be so icy.
8. 过去完成进行时
主语+had been doing (符合两个因素:① 过去的过去 ② 强调动作的持续)
He had been preparing for an important exam before he went on holidays.
将来范畴
9. 一般将来时 *****
主语+ will/be going to + do
Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain.
Paper and pens will be replaced by computers in the next century.
10. 将来进行时
主语+ will be doing
-- Can we meet tomorrow morning?
-- Not in the morning, I’m afraid. I will be working.
11. 将来完成时
主语+ will have done
By this time of next year, all of you will have become college students.
12. 过去将来时 *****
主语+would / was,were going to + do
He promised that he wouldn’t smoke again.
It was clear that he was going to meet Jane.
二、被动语态
结构: 主语+ be+ done
被动语态的不同时态
is
was
has been
The bridge had been built.
is being (过去分词始终保留,时态只在be动词上变化)
was being
will be
三、 非谓语动词 (分词、动名词与不定式)
三步走策略:
看主动、被动
看动作时间
看句意,有无not
同时 先发生 未发生 正在进行 主动 doing having done to do doing 被动 done having been done to be done being done
Standing on the top of the mountain, I can see
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