《M5P3 Grammar》.ppt

* 1. Passengers can’t hurt the animals, birds, useful insects or pick flowers. 2. Travellers mustn’t swim from the boat. 3. Foreigners have to take their passports with them. 4. You should keep the water clean. 5. You shouldn’t throw away the litter everywhere. You must throw it into trash can. 6. You don’t have to go with the guides but it’s safer. 情态动词的语法特征 1) 情态动词不能单独做谓语，除ought外，后面只能接不带to?的不定式。 2) 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有些情态动词，如can、will也有一般式和过去式的变化。 3) 情态动词的“时态”形式并不是时间区别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。 I am so strong that I can lift this stone. He said that Jack couldn’t finish his work in such a short time. Could you follow my step? He is only four, but he is able to read. She was able to do it without my help. Will you be able to come to my party tomorrow? 表能力 can couldbe able to 有时态变化 You can go now. I won’t let you down. Could I say it in Chinese? May I know your name? Would you mind closing the door? Shall we dance? Might I have a word with you? 语气 强 弱 表许可、征询意见 can, will could/may/would/shall/might 表可能性(猜测) must may, might, can, could 肯定句 语 气 强 弱 There must be a mistake. You may walk ten miles without seeing a house. He might get there on time. It can be true. In those days few workers could support their families. 语气 强 弱 表不可能(猜测) can’t, couldn’t may not, might not 否定句 She can’t be serious. We couldn’t have done better. People may not pick flowers in this garden. She was afraid they might not like the idea. mustn’t, shouldn’thad better not 表禁止 We mustn’t waste our time. They shouldn’t left so soon. You’d better not disturb him. should, musthave to 表义务(应该) 有时态变化 You should do what your parents tell you. If you can’t finish the book by then, you must come and renew it. This is a lovely party, but we have to go because of the baby-sister. The bridge was not wide enough so that somebody had to give way. Modals 词义 can, could, be able to can, will, may, could, would, shall, might must, may, might, can, could mustn’t, shouldn’t,