液位自动控制系统的研究.doc

液位自动控制系统的研究 摘 要 水位控制系统是模拟工业生产过程中对水位、流量参数进行测量、控制、观察其变化特性，研究过程控制规律的，过程控制中动态过程的一般特点——大惯性、非线性，难以对其进行精确控制，从而使其成为控制理论与控制工程、过程控制教学、试验和研究的理想对象。 本课题首先对水位控制系统做了整体的分析并简单介绍了水位控制系统的控制平台；然后详细介绍了PLC可编程控制器并详细分析了基于PLC的PID控制和串级PID控制，对串级控制系统的特点和主副回路设计进行了详述,设计了双容水箱串级水位控制系统,并根据4：1衰减曲线法对PID参数进行整定；最后根据理论分析进行水位控制系统实验，实验结果表明系统具有优良的控制精度和稳定性。 关键词：水位自动控制系统，PLC技术，PID控制，串级控制 The Research of The Water Level Automatic Control System Abstract The water level control system is a topic, which allows study of the principles of process control as the process variables, for example the level and flux, to be measured, controlled and observed for its variability during the simulation process of modem industrial manufacture. It has the common characteristic of dynamic process in process control such as great inertia, larger delay, nonlinear and difficult to be controlled precisely, so that it becomes a perfect object in the field of control theory and control engineering, process control teaching, testing and study. This topic first has made the whole analysis to the water level control system and simply introduces the water level system control platform, then introduces the PLC programmable controller in detail and amply analyses the PID control and the cascade PID control which based on PLC. It introduces the cascade control system characteristic and the host vice-return route design in detail. The two-tank water level cascade control system has been designed. Then it carries on the PID parameter by 4:1 decay curve law; finally the water control system experiment has been done by the theoretical analysis. The experimental result indicates the system has the fine control precision and the stability. Key words: water level control system, PLC, PID control, cascade control 目 录 I Abstract II 1 绪论 1 1.1引言 1 1.2水位控制当前的研究动态 1 1.3 PID调节器概述 2 1.3.1PID控制特点 2 1.3.2PID 控制中尚需解决的问题 3 1.4本文的主要工作 4 2 水位控制系统的整体分析 5 2.1水位控制系统的整体设计 5 2.2控制平台介绍 5 2.2.1电源控制屏 5 2.2.2交流变频调速器 6 2.3被控对象介绍 6 3 可编程序控制器 PLC 概述 8 3.1 PLC 的基本结构 8 3