毕业论文：金纳米的制备以及对Cu（Ⅱ）离子的检测综述.docVIP

金纳米的制备以及对Cu（Ⅱ）离子的检测综述 摘 要 铜是动植物体内必需的一种微量重金属元素。目前已知，大约有二十多种酶的作用需要有Cu2+的参与，如细胞色素氧化酶，过氧化物歧化酶，酪氨酸酶，多巴胺p经化酶，赖氨酞氧化酶和铜蓝蛋白等。但是短期暴露于高浓度Cu2+环境中可引起胃肠道紊乱，长期暴露于高浓度Cu2+环境中则可能损害肝脏和肾脏。美国环境保护署已规定饮用水中铜元素含量的安全界限为1.33 ppm。因此，如何快速检测污水、饮用水、河流、以及生物体中的铜元素及寻找检测Cu2+的分析方法就显得十分重要而迫切。 纳米材料已经成为21世纪不可或缺的重要材料由于其具有多样的形态和特殊的表面和界面效应、小尺寸效应、量子尺寸效应以及宏观量子隧道效应以及由此衍生的光学、热学、化学、电学、磁学等方面的特殊性质因此在生物医学、电器元件、航天航空、催化储能等各个领域扮演着重要的角色。而金属纳米材料的历史更是源远流长2000年前金和银就被用在玻璃中间其金银大部分以纳米粒子的形式存在 The Preparation of Gold Nanoparticles and Cu (II) in Detection of Ions Abstract: Copper is an essential trace metal elements in plants. Currently known, about more than 20 kinds of enzymes required to participate in the Cu2+, such as cytochrome oxidase, superoxide dismutase, tyrosinase, dopamine Pby enzyme, Lysine Peptide oxidase and ceruloplasmin. But the shortterm exposure to high concentrations of Cu2+ environment can cause gastrointestinal disorders, longterm exposure to high concentrations of Cu2+ in the environment may damage the liver and kidney. America Environmental Protection Agency has provided safe drinking water content of copper for 1.33 ppm. Therefore, how to quickly detect wastewater, drinking water, rivers, and Cu in organisms and effective analysis method for detecting Cu2+ is very important and urgal. Nano materials has become an important material in twentyfirst Century indispensable, because of its various forms and special surface and interface effect, small size effect, quantum size effect and macroscopic quantum tunneling effect, special properties and thus derived optical, thermal, chemical, electrical, magnetic and other aspects, therefore in the biomedical, aerospace, electrical components aviation, catalytic energy storage and other fields play an important role. Metal nano materials of history is long, before2000, gold and silver have been used in the glass, the gold and silver nanoparticles most in form, and the detection of gold nanoparticles on the copper ion has become a focus of research in recent years