《sjtu_se_212_数据库》.pdf

01 概 述 Introduction 数据库 • Database –长期储存在计算机内的、有组织的、可共享的、 互相关联的数据的集合 –是一个持久数据的集合 –A very large, integrated collection of data. 数据库管理系统 • DataBase Management System(DBMS) • A software package designed to store and manage databases. • Provide efficient, reliable, convenient, and safe multi-user storage of and access to massive amounts of persistent data. 3 DBMS • Massive • Persistent • Safe • Multi-user • Convenient • Efficient • Reliable Key concepts • Data model – A collection of concepts for describing data – A description of, in general, how the data is structured. • Schema versus data – A description of a particular collection of data, using the given data model – The schema sets up the structure of the database. • Data definition language (DDL) • Data manipulation or query language (DML) 数据抽象 Conceptual） People • DBMS implementer • Database designer • Database application developer • Database administrator D B M S 统 系 构 结 数据库应用 Whether you know it or not, you’re using a database every day …… 02 关系模型 Relational Model 关系数据模型基础 • 关系模型是一种基于表的数据模型 –用表的集合表示数据及数据间的联系 • Schema –structural description of relations in database s Student(sno, name, age, gender, dept） • Instance –actual contents at given point in time Student(95001,”张三”,21,”M”,”SE”) • atabase