HistoryofCollectiveBargainingintheUnitedStates.pptVIP

History of Collective Bargaining in the United States First Strike: Philadelphia printers in 1786 New York printers in 1790 First unions: 1792: Federal Society of Journeymen Cordwainers, Philadelphia 1794 Journeymen printers, New York Employer and Union Tactics Craft union approaches firm, asks for agreed pay. Strike employers who refuse. Uncooperative workers ostracized, labeled rats, scabs Early strikes successful 1806: Philadelphia Cordwainers union broken by court injunction against strike Srikes declared “criminal conspiracy to disrupt managerial prerogative to set wages” Unions lose 4 of 6 similar cases in 1820s Other constraints: Immigrants, slow growth, mechanization, local unions History (continued) Commonwealth v. Hunt legalizes strikes First national union: printers National Labor Union Primarily political Lasts 6 years Knights of Labor Emphasizes 3rd party actions Combination of craft, industrial unions Embarassed by strikes, but Wabash strike leads to rapid growth History (continued) Violence Molly Maguires in mining, Pennsylvania and West Virginia Haymarket Riot, Chicago: Strike for 8 hour day 1892 Homestead Steel, Pennsylvania: Lockout when workers refuse wage cuts Pullman Strike, Illinois: strike over layoffs, wage cuts 1914 Ludlow, Colorado mines, lockout when union presses for recognition History (continued) Other constraints on unions Sherman Anti-Trust Act United Hatters of North America strike against Loewe and Company Yellow dog contracts Industrial spies Blacklisting Company unions Sweetheart deals A Tale of Two Unions - American Federation of Labor (AFL) Samuel Gompers and business unionism crafts only instituted collective bargaining support capitalism audited books use of strikes supported by national resources A Tale of Two Unions (continued) 1905-1920 Industrial Workers of the World Big Bill Haywood and Revolutionary unionism Aim: overthrow capitalism, workers control capit