LightActivatedTissueRegenerationandTherapy.docVIP

Light Activated Tissue Regeneration and Therapy August 22-27, 2004 Notes by Joan B. Martin MD Please contact me with any corrections drjoanbmartin@ or joan.b.martin@ Introduction by Ron Waynant, FDA For 30 years light therapy has been without a foundation Goal is to make progress in this field ROBERT K NAVIAUX, UCSD, USA MITOCHONDRIAL RESPONSES TO CELLULAR INJURY Depolarization events can be associated with electromagnetic events Electrons are food for mitochondria Electrons are the fundamental food of the cell and can be used for work Cells produce a signal when they are fed This signal is a flickering trickle of H2O2 that lets the nucleus know the cytoplasm is well Mitochondrial DNA encodes 13 proteins, 22 tRNAs and 2rRNAs Classical 5 complexes of the Mitochondrial electron transport chain, pass to create water Mitochondria can’t re-supply their cell without a voltage change All cells can make energy 2 ways: With oxygen and no injury: use atp + CO2 to make water Without oxygen and no injury: mitochondrial oxidative phosphorlyation: atp +lactate creating glycolysis Mitochondrial energy production is a function of its membrane potential: this is measured with potentiometric dyes (TMRM etc) Glycolysis energy production is measured by the release of lactate Just measuring ATP, ADP, P and creatine phosphate do not tell you the source 4 housekeeping functions of mitochondria Eating: electron consumption Oxygen consumption: genoprotecting Heat production Reactive oxygen synthesis (can occur anaerobically) Primary superoxide Hydrogen peroxide Single oxygen Nitric oxide Secondary ROS Peroxynitrite Hydroxyl radical In the beginning oxygen was a poison Mitochondria 2.5 billion years ago earth was anaerobic and the mitochondria change oxygen into water with the release of energy Most metabolic pathways of the cell must pass through mitochondria Mitochondria are packed with about 1500 proteins The proteins are tissue-specific Mitochondria are connected to the cytoskeleton Mito