怀山药渗透热风合干燥工艺的试验研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 我国是怀山药生产大国，随着人们对怀山药的需求量日益增加，怀山药在采收 后的干燥及进一步的加工显得尤为重要。本课题在对怀山药进行平衡含水率试验的 基础上，利用DL104 型电热鼓风干燥箱，采用自己配制的食盐溶液作为渗透液，以 自制食盐溶液的浓度、固液比和渗透液的温度为因素，通过正交试验设计，分析每 个因素对怀山药中失水率和固形物增加率的变化情况。以怀山药的失水率为主要指 标对实验数据进行极差和方差分析，找其最佳方案。结果表明，影响失水率的最主 要因素是温度，其次是溶液的浓度，影响最小的是固液比；并确定了渗透脱水的最 佳方案，即渗透液温度为65℃、固液比为1:8、渗透液浓度为5%。经过渗透脱水后 的坏山药还需进行下一步干燥，本试验利用内蒙古农业大学机电工程学院的 GZ－1 型干燥试验装置，在改变温度和风速条件下进行怀山药的热风干燥试验，获得怀山 药的干燥曲线和干燥速率曲线，分析了各热风温度（50℃、60℃、70℃）、各风速 （0.6m/s、1.2m/s、1.8m/s）对怀山药干燥特性的影响；并得出经过渗透脱水的怀 山药具有色泽好并且不卷曲，而且还能达到节省时间的目的。 关键词：怀山药；渗透脱水；热风干燥；工艺 An Experimental Study on Yam Osmotic Dehydration and Hot Air Drying Oputimum Technology Abstract China is one of the largest producers of huai yam, along with the increasing demand of huai yam, yam’s drying after harvest and further processing is becoming particularly important. On the basis of yam’s equilibrium moisture content experiments, this paper uses the DL104 Drying oven, with self-made salt solution as a permeate, then uses homemade salt solution’s concentration 、the solid-liquid ratio and the temperature of the permeate as factors, by means of the orthogonal experimental design, analyzes each factor’s influence on Huai yam’s rate of water loss and rate of solids gain. At the same time, use Huai yam’s water loss rate as the main indicator to make a range and variance analysis of experimental data, and to find the optimal solution. The results showed that the most important factor affecting the rate of water loss is the temperature, followed by concentration of the solution, with minimal impact to solid-liquid ratio; and determined that the best solution to the osmotic dehydration, that is, permeate temperature to 65 ° C, solid-liquid ratio of 1:8, the permeate concentration of 5% . After osmotic deh