压水堆核电站严事故下氢气行为的cfd研究.pdfVIP

上海交通大学硕士论文 压水堆核电站严重事故下氢气行为的 CFD研究 摘要 压水堆核电站严重事故下，堆芯锆合金将与高温水蒸汽发生反应 生成氢气。氢气通过一回路压力边界破口将被释放到安全壳。氢气在 安全壳内的聚集将导致氢气燃烧甚至爆炸，将危及安全壳完整性，是 放射性物质释放到环境中。为了缓解严重事故下的氢气风险，压水堆 核电站安全壳通常使用非能动氢气复合器与点火器来降低氢气浓度。 本文调研比较了现有的严重事故氢气分析程序，总结了各类程序 的特点；依据秦山二期核电站安全壳图纸，建立了安全壳几何模型； 采用计算流体力学程序 GASFLOW，研究了严重事故氢气/水源项、 安全壳内构筑物表面的水蒸汽凝结对安全壳内氢气分布及氢气燃烧 风险的影响，比较了 GASFLOW 中的主要凝结换热模型；评价了安 全壳内非能动氢气复合器布置方案的消氢效果，依据评价结果对复合 器布置方案进行了改进，并对改进方案进行了评价，总结了复合器布 置的原则；分析了安全壳喷淋温度、流量、方向对严重事故下安全壳 内氢气行为的影响，给出了安全壳喷淋设计的优化建议；最后，以波 动管大破口事故为例，分析了严重事故下秦山二期核电站安全壳内热 工水力现象以及氢气行为。 关键词：压水堆，严重事故，氢气风险，复合器，喷淋，GASFLOW I 上海交通大学硕士论文 CFD Studies on Hydrogen Behavior during Severe Accidents in PWR NPP Abstract During severe accidents in PWR NPP, the chemical reaction between Zircoloy and steam generates hydrogen which could be released to and accumulate in the containment. Hydrogen combustion and detonation could threat the integrity of containment. Mitigation measure, such as Passive Automatic Recombiners (PAR) and ignitors are applied to reduce the hydrogen concentration. In this thesis, hydrogen analysis codes are categorized and compared; a containment geometry model is established according to the containment sketch of Qinshan II nuclear power plant (NPP). The CFD code GASFLOW is utilized in this work. The effect of hydrogen/steam source term and steam condensation on the hydrogen distribution and hydrogen combustion risk in the containment is studied. The PAR arrangement in the containment is evaluated and improved. The effect of the temperature, flow rate and direction of the containment spray on hydrog