Cytokine and Phenotypic Cell Profiles of Leishmania infantum Infection in the Dog.pdfVIP

Hindawi Publishing Corporation Journal of Tropical Medicine Volume 2012, Article ID 541571, 7 pages doi:10.1155/2012/541571 Review Article Cytokine and Phenotypic Cell Profiles of Leishmania infantum Infection in the Dog Carla Maia1, 2, 3 and Lenea Campino1, 4 1 Unidade de Parasitologia Medica, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT), Universidade Nova de Lisboa (UNL), ´ Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal 2 Centro Malaria e Doenc¸as Tropicais, IHMT/UNL, Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal 3 Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Sciences, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic 4 Departamento de Ciencias Biomedicas e Medicina, Universidade do Algarve, Campus Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal ˆ ´ Correspondence should be addressed to Carla Maia, carlamaia@ihmt.unl.pt Received 26 March 2011; Revised 5 June 2011; Accepted 20 June 2011 Academic Editor: Jose M. Requena Copyright © 2012 C. Maia and L. Campino. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Leishmaniasis has reemerged in recent years showing a wider geographic distribution and increased global incidence of human and canine disease than previously known. Dogs are the main domestic/peridomestic reservoir hosts of zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania infantum. Since the evolution of leishmaniasis and clinical appearance is a consequence of complex interactions between the parasite and host immune response, a profound knowledge about the immune profile developed in dog’s infection is c