第15章 数据库应用结构与数据访问接口_2.pdfVIP

Chapter 15 Database Interface Chapter 15 - Objectives Introduce to the methods of access database in applications: Embedded SQL Database Interface ODBC OLE DB and ADO JDBC Interactive vs. Non-Interactive SQL Interactive SQL : SQL statements input from terminal; DBMS outputs to screen Inadequate for most uses It may be necessary to process the data before output Amount of data returned not known in advance SQL has very limited expressive power Non-interactive SQL : SQL statements are included in an application program written in a host language, like C, Java, COBOL Application Program Host language : A conventional language (e.g., C, Host language Java) that supplies control structures, computational capabilities, interaction with physical devices SQL: supplies ability to interact with database. Using the facilities of both: the application program can act as an intermediary between the user at a terminal and the DBMS Introducing SQL Into the Application SQL statements can be incorporated into an application program in two different ways: Statement Level Interface (SLI): Application program is a mixture of host language statements and SQL statements and directives (embedded SQL). Call Level Interface (CLI): Application program is written entirely in host language SQL statements are values of string variables that are passed as arguments to host language (library) procedures Statement Level Interface SQL statements and directives (embedded SQL) in the application have a special syntax that sets them off from host language constructs e.g., EXEC SQL SQL_statement Precompiler scans program and translates SQL