《“反规划”与生态基础设施_城市化过程中对自然系统的精明保护(英文)》.pdf

23 6 Vol123 No1 6 2008 11 JOURNAL OF NATURAL RESOURCES Nov., 200 8 The Negative Approach and Ecological Infrastructure: The Smart Preservation ofNatural Systems in the Process ofUr anization YU K ong-jian, LIHa-i long, LID i-h a ( Grad ate School of Landscape Architect re, College ofU rban and Env ironm ental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China) A stract: The conventional approach for econom ic centered rban developm ent p lann ing failed to m eet the chal- lenges of sw ift rban ization and s stainability iss es in China. The / negative approach0 defines an rban grow th pattern and rban form, thro gh the identification and p lann ing of Ecological Infrastr ct re (E I), instead of revie- w ing thro gh the projection of pop lation and p lann ing of civil infrastr ct re in the conventional approach. The negative approach has its roots in landscape rbanism and has evolved from the pre-scientific model of Fengsh i as the backbone of h m an settlem ent, the 19 th cent ry notion of greenw ays as recreational infrastr ct re, the early 20th cent ry idea of green belts as rban form m akers, and the late 20th cent ry notion of ecolog ical net- w orks and E I as a b iological preservation fram ew ork. EI is composed of critical landscape str ct re that are strate- gically identified and planned to safeg ard the vario s nat ral, b iologica,l c lt ral and recreational processes across the landscape, sec ring nat ral assets and ecosystem s services, essential for s stain ing h m an society. E I f nctions as an effective tool for smart grow th in the context of rap id rban ization, and is planned ahead of tmi