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arabidopsis vtc2 encodesagdp-stronglstrong-galactosephosphorylase,
THE JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY VOL. 282, NO. 26, pp. 18879–18885, June 29, 2007
© 2007 by The American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Inc. Printed in the U.S.A.
Arabidopsis VTC2 Encodes a GDP-L-Galactose Phosphorylase,
the Last Unknown Enzyme in the Smirnoff-Wheeler Pathway
to Ascorbic Acid in Plants*
Received for publication, March 9, 2007, and in revised form, April 25, 2007 Published, JBC Papers in Press, April 26, 2007, DOI 10.1074/jbc.M702094200
‡1 ‡ § ‡ ‡ §2
Carole L. Linster , Tara A. Gomez , Kathryn C. Christensen , Lital N. Adler , Brian D. Young , Charles Brenner ,
and Steven G. Clarke‡3
From the ‡Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and the Molecular Biology Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, California 90095
and the §Departments of Genetics and Biochemistry, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, New Hampshire 03756
The first committed step in the biosynthesis of L-ascorbate reduction and lactonization of D-glucuronate to L-gulonolac-
from D-glucose in plants requires conversion of GDP-L-galac- tone and oxidation of the latter to L-ascorbate (reviewed in Ref.
tose to L-galactose 1-phosphate by a previously unidentified 7). Deficiency of the enzyme catalyzing this last step (L-gulono-
enzyme. Here we show that the protein encoded by VTC2, a gene lactone oxidase) is responsible for the loss of ascorbate synthe-
mutated in vitamin C-deficientArabidopsis thaliana strains, is a D
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