cistus stronglstrong. (cistaceae) based on its, trnl-trnf sequences.pdfVIP

Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 37 (2005) 644–660 /locate/ympev Systematics, character evolution, and biogeography of Cistus L. (Cistaceae) based on ITS, trnL-trnF, and matK sequences Beatriz Guzmán, Pablo Vargas ¤ Royal Botanic Garden of Madrid, CSIC, Plaza Murillo 2, 28014 Madrid, Spain Received 8 September 2004; revised 20 April 2005; accepted 6 May 2005 Available online 1 August 2005 Abstract This paper presents the Wrst phylogenetic hypotheses for the 20 species of Cistus based on plastid ( trnL-trnF, matK) and nuclear (ITS) DNA sequence data. Phylogenetic relationships reveal that: (1) Halimium and Cistus form a cohesive, natural group; (2) two major lineages of purple-Xowered and white-Xowered species are deWned, except for the purple-Xowered C. par- viX orus; (3) monophyly of conspeciWc populations is congruent with the circumscription of species. Topological congruence between nuclear and plastid phylogenies does not support a predominant reticulate system of evolution in Cistus. Reconstruction of character evolution suggests an increment of number of fruit valves in the Cistaceae from 3 to 12 in a unidirectional manner. In contrast, reproductive characters, such as sepal number, petal color, and style length, evolved multiple times in the course of evo- lution. A single colonization of Cistus into the Canary Islands appears to be responsible for a lineage of four species sharing a most recent common ancestor with Wve sepals, purple Xowers, styles as long as stamens, and Wve fruit valves. Species diversity in Cistus (14)