表观遗传对女性不孕影响.pdfVIP

Reprod Dom Anim 47 (Suppl. 4), 338–347 (2012); doi: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2012.02096.x ISSN 0936-6768 Epigenetic Mechanisms in the Actions of Endocrine-disrupting Chemicals: Gonadal Effects and Role in Female Reproduction 1 1 2 M Uzumcu , AM Zama and E Oruc 1Department of Animal Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; 2Department of Biology, Cukurova University, Adana, Turkey Contents Epigenetic Mechanisms There is a heightened interest and concern among scientists, Epigenetics is the study of mitotically and meiotically clinicians and regulatory agencies as well as the general public, heritable changes in the gene function (i.e. gene expres- regarding the effects of environmental endocrine-disrupting sion) without changing the DNA sequence. Three com- chemicals (EDCs). In this review, we identify the main mon epigenetic mechanisms are DNA methylation, post- epigenetic mechanisms and describe key ovarian processes that are vulnerable to the epigenetic actions of EDCs. We also translational modifications of histone proteins (histone provide an overview of the human epidemiological evidence modifications) and non-coding RNA (ncRNA) (Jirtle documenting the detrimental effects of several common and Skinner 2007), and they collectively make up the environmental EDCs on female reproduction. We then focus major components of the epigenome. Exposure to EDCs on experimental evidence demonstrating the epigenetic effects can alter these three epigenetic mechanisms in the ovary of these EDCs in the ovary and female reproductive system, and various female reproductive organs, leading to gene with an emphasis on methoxychlor, an organochlorine pesti- expression