专四语法讲解(虚拟语气)解析.pptVIP

语气及其种类 语气是动词的一种变化形式，表达说话人对所述内容的看法与态度。语气有三种： （1）陈述语气 (indicative mood) 陈述语气用来表示一般叙述，可表示肯定、否定和疑问。 eg. Matter expands when it is heated. What do you want? （2）祈使语气 (imperative mood) 祈使语气用来表示请求、命令和劝告等。 eg. Don’t be late. Be quiet! Let’s have a break. （3）虚拟语气 (subjunctive mood) 虚拟语气是一组特别的动词形式，用来表示要求、建议、命令、意愿和假设等。 eg. If there were no air, all living things would die. It is vital that she be warned before it is too late. 1. 虚拟条件句 1. 形式 虚拟条件句包括与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句和与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句，以及将来实现可能性很小或根本不可能实现的虚拟条件句。 (1)掌握主从句谓语动词的规范搭配: eg. If I were you, I would not go there. If I had time, I would do it again. If I had known of your arrival, I should have met you at the station. If she had further considered the problem, she might have come to the correct conclusion. 真题举例： 1. All of us would have enjoyed the party much more if there _____ quite such a crowd people there.（00, 49） A. weren’t? B. hasn’t been? ? C. hadn’t been? ? ? ? D.? wouldn’t be [C] 2. If your car _____ during the first 12 months,take it to an authorized dealer. （98, 43） A. shall need B. should need C. would need D. will need [B] 3. If there were no subjunctive mood, English _____ much easier to learn. (09, 52) A. could have been B. would be C. will be D. would have been [B] 4. _____ for the fact that she broke her leg, she might have passed the exam. (02, 60） A. Had it not been B. Hadn’t it been C. Was it not D. Were it not [A] 5. If you explained the situation to your solicitor, he _____ able to advise you much better than I can. (05, 51) A. would be B. will have been C. was D. were [A] 6. I was to have made a speech if _____. (97, 51) A. I was not called away B. nobody would have called me away C. I had not been called away D. nobody called me away [C] (2)区分主从句表示的不同时间概念： 主从句谓语动词所指时间不同，这叫做错综时间条件句，动词形式应根据实际情况来调整。如： Had it not been for the timely investment from the general public, our company would not be so thriving as it is. (主句