人口和计划生育政策论文：我国人口和计划生育政策和法律的变迁的研究.docVIP

人口与计划生育政策论文：我国人口与计划生育政策与法律的变迁研究 【中文摘要】人类发展的历史证明,规律是不可违背的。法律作为社会发展规律的总结,对社会发展具有很强的指导意义和导向作用。更准确地说,法律与社会生活之间存在着一种相互影响、相互制约的逻辑关系。社会变迁能引起相应的法律变化,法律是对社会发展经验的归纳和总结,对社会的变迁也起着不可忽视的重大作用。法律和社会之间存在相互影响的关系已经成为法学上的普遍共识。目前,我国法学界对人口与计划生育政策与法律的变迁方面的研究还相对薄弱,虽然近几年,特别是《中华人民共和国人口与计划生育法》颁布实施之后,又陆续出现了一些文章著述。但是,从整体上梳理和掌握我国人口与计划生育政策与法律的变迁,进而分析我国人口与计划生育政策与法律发展趋势和影响的论述仍然是凤毛麟角。这就需要我们从法学的视角出发,从三十年来社会经济的变迁入手,对我国人口与计划生育政策与法律的变迁过程与现状进行梳理和总结,结合法学的相关理论知识和党中央、国务院制定的我国未来的发展方向,分析现阶段我国人口与计划生育政策实施状况,作为今后人口与计划生育立法发展的理论支撑,在现有的人口与计划生育立法的基础上,取其精华,去其糟粕,使我国的人口与计划生育立法能够朝着正确光明的方向前进,能够更好地解决我国的人口问题,管理和规范我国人口与计划生育工作,完善我国法律体系,推进我国的法治进程。 【英文摘要】Family planning is a fundamental national policy that China has been adhering to, which concerns the livelihood of all Chinese. For quite a long time, China’s law study has focused on the family planning policy.From the 1960s to 1982, research centered on whether China should implement the family planning policy. The population reached the peak twice, in the 1950s and 1960s respectively, posing threats to urban employment and rice supply and also leading a large number of city-bred educated youths to go to the countryside. In early 1960s, some cities including Tianjin, Shanghai and Guangdong took the initiative to propose their family planning measures, stirring a big debate. Later, in August, 1972, the Health Department put forward the guideline of “late, rare, few”; in February, 1979, Chen Muhua, China抯 Vice-Prime Minister then, proposed the 具“one child” policy at the meeting of the State Council. During this period, the law field focused their attention on whether China should practice the family planning policy and they mainly argued about its feasibility in terms of resources, population and environment, especially in economic terms. Rarely were there any legal monographs on this issue.From 1982 to 2002, research focused on the necessity of legislating China抯 population and family planning policy. In 1982, “the state advocates family planning” was included in the constit