供给与需求的市场力量..pptVIP

“Tax return preparation software” means programs like TurboTax by Quicken and TaxCut by HR Block. * * * * We now return to the latte example to illustrate the concepts of equilibrium, shortage and surplus. * * * * * * * * * Step one requires knowing all of the things that can shift D and S – the non-price determinants of demand and of supply. * * * * “Supply” refers to the position of the supply curve, while “quantity supplied” refers to the specific amount that producers are willing and able to sell. Similarly, “demand” refers to the position of the demand curve, while “quantity demanded” refers to the specific amount that consumers are willing and able to buy. If you’d like to be a rebel, delete this slide and all references to the jargon it contains, and just use the terms “movement along a curve” and “shift in a curve.” Note, however, that this is not the official recommendation of Thomson/South-Western or Dr. Mankiw. If you’d like to cover this slide but make it move more quickly, delete the text next to each little blue bullet point, and give the information to your students verbally (or rely on them to read it in the textbook). * * * * In case it’s not clear: The royalties that sellers must pay the artists are part of the sellers’ “costs of production.” Typically, this royalty is a fixed amount each time one of the artist’s songs is downloaded. Event B is a reduction in this cost. * This is an extension of Active Learning exercise 1C, where we saw that a fall in the price of compact discs would cause a fall in demand for music downloads, because the two goods are substitutes. * NOTE: Don’t worry that the text on this slide looks garbled in “Normal view” (i.e. edit mode). It works fine in “Slide Show” (i.e. presentation mode). Event B: Sellers of music downloads negotiate a reduction in the royalties they must pay for each song they sell. This event causes a fall in “costs of production” for sellers of music downloads. Hence, t