ChapterEngine解读.pptVIP

Basic words: Feed pump: 5) Mechanical governor: * SEA—Special English for Automobile Chapter 2 internal combustion engine * Review 1: List the differences between Diesel and Gasoline engine? Actual efficiency ηeff up to 45 % Actual efficiency ηeff up to 30 % Maximum combustion pressure 6~ 8 MPa Maximum combustion pressure 3~5 MPa Compression ratio 14 ～ 24 Compression ratio 8 ～ 11 ? always greater than 1 ? from 0.7 to 1.3 Engine speed 1500 to 5000 r/min Engine speed 4000 to 10000 r/min Irregular mixture in the combustion chamber Regular mixture in the combustion chamber Auto-ignition Externally supplied ignition Interior mixture formation Exterior mixture formation Diesel engine Gasoline engine combustion temperature approx. 2500 °C Highest combustion temperature approx. 2000 °C 1) Differences between diesel and gasoline engines: Diesel engine gets this name from the pioneer work done by Dr Rudolf Diesel. The diesel is used for the majority of heavy vehicles and the excellent fuel economy makes it an attractive alternative to the petrol engine for light commercial vehicles, delivery vans and taxis. 柴油发动机的名称来源于Rudolf Diesel博士所完成的开拓性工作。大多数重型车辆使用柴油，优良的燃油经济性使得柴油机成为最有吸引力的替代品,来代替轻型商用车、厢式货车和出租车上汽油机。 2)Diesel fuel mixture formation and combustion chambers: As diesel engines always deal with interior mixture formation only a heterogeneous mixture is obtained in the combustion chamber. In heterogeneous mixtures the excess-air factor λ extends from pure air in the spray periphery (?= infinite) to pure fuel in the spray core (?= 0). 由于柴油机总是只在气缸内部形成可燃混合气，在燃烧室内会得到不均匀的混合气。不均匀混合气的过量空气系数范围从喷射外围纯空气的无穷大到喷射中心纯燃料的零。 fuel tank 燃油箱 feed pump 输油泵 fuel filter 燃油滤清器 injector 喷油器 governor 调速器 fuel-injector pump 喷油泵 Review 2: List the three precise couples of in-line pump diesel engine? Plunger and barrel couple ( plunger and pump barrel) Delivery valve couple ( delivery valve and delivery valve seat) Needle valve couple (needle valve and n