往复式压缩机培训详解.ppt

One question commonly asked is “why would one compressor package have more than one size cylinder?” The next slide will answer that question If the customer requires his gas to be increased more than four times the inlet pressure, then it becomes necessary to raise the pressure in stages so that each stage of compression has no more than a 4:1 compression ratio. There may be more than one cylinder for each stage depending on the volume of gas to be compressed. Cylinder size decreases as stage number increases. When the gas is compressed it becomes smaller and must be put into a smaller cylinder so it does not expand. This slide shows an example of an application with an overall compression ratio of 17.56:1. By using three stages of compression, each stage will not have over a 4:1 compression ratio. 一级压比＝（300＋14.5)/(100+14.5)=2.7 By now, you should understand how a compressor cylinder works and what the purpose of each component is. Now just a couple of theoretical points before we proceed. Compressing gas requires work or “horsepower” due to the mass of the gas and the pressure in which the gas is being pushed against. As the pressure increases during the stroke, so does the force required to move the piston back and forth. The greater the force, the greater the load applied to the piston rod. If the load on the rod becomes excessive, the piston rod could break. For this reason, there is a limit on the pressure rise, or, compression ratio, across the cylinder. This limit is approximately four times the absolute inlet pressure, or, a 4:1 compression ratio. Normally the inlet pressure working on the piston face helps to push the piston against the discharge pressure. As the inlet pressure gets farther away from discharge pressure, more and more load is demanded out of the rod. In this case, the effect of the inlet pressure on the piston is minimal. Another reason the compression ratio might be limited is because of excessive temperature increase acros