第三十七章.docVIP

第三十七章　赫斯定律 課堂練習 A37.1 (a) 根據赫斯定律， (H = +297.0 + ((396.0) kJ mol(1 = (99.0 kJ mol(1 (b) A37.2 (a) 根據赫斯定律， (H 1 = (H f + (H 2 (H f = ((394.0) ( ((283.0) kJ mol(1 = (111.0 kJ mol(1 (b) A37.3 (H f = 2 ( ((394.0) + 3 ( ((286.0) ( ((1371) kJ mol(1 = (275.0 kJ mol(1 A37.4 (a) CaCO3(s) ( CaO(s) + CO2(g) (b) 根據赫斯定律， (H = Σ(H f (生成物) – Σ(H f (反應物) (H = (H f [CaO(s)] + (H f [CO2(g)] – (H f [CaCO3(s)] = ((635.0) + ((395.0) – ((1207) kJ mol(1 = +177.0 kJ mol(1 A37.5 1. 3C(s) + 4H2(g) +O2(g) ( C3H7OH(l) 根據赫斯定律， (H f = Σ(H c(反應物) ( Σ(H c(生成物) = 3 ((H c [C(s)] + 4 ( (H c [H2(g)] ( (H c [C3H7OH(l)] = 3 ( ((394.0) + 4 ( ((286.0) ( ((1004) kJ mol(1 = (1322 kJ mol(1 100 g液態丙醇的生成焓變 = (1322 kJ mol(1 (mol = (2203 kJ 2. 根據赫斯定律， (H = (2 ( (H f [NaHCO3(s)] + (H f [Na2CO3(s)] + (H c [C(s)] + (H c [H2(g)] = (2 ( ((948.0) + ((1131) + ((394.0) + ((286.0) kJ mol(1 = +85 kJ mol(1 第三十七章　赫斯定律 單元練習 1. 焓；路線 2. 較低；較高；焓；吸熱；放熱 3. 生成物；反應物 4. 反應物；生成物 5. D 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. A 11. (a) H2(g) + Cl2(g) ( HCl(g) (b) N2(g) + H2(g) + H2(g) + Cl2(g) HCl(g) + NH3(g) (H f [HCl(g)] = –(–) + (–) – (–176.1) kJ mol(1 = –92.3 kJ mol(1 12. (a) C3H6O(l) + 4O2(g) ( 3CO2(g) + 3H2O(l) (H c[C3H6O(l)] = –1790 kJ mol(1  (b) 3C(s) + 3H2(g) + O2(g) C3H6O(l) 3CO2(g) + 3H2O(l) (H f [C3H6O(l)]+ (-1790) = 3(-394.0) + 3(-286.0) (H f [C3H6O(l)]= –250.0 kJ mol(1 13. (a) (H f [H2O(g)] = (–286.0) + (+41.1) kJ mol(1 = –244.9 kJ mol(1 (b) (H f [Al2O3(s)] = –kJ mol(1 = –3360 kJ mol(1 (c) 就以下反應而言， Al(s) +NH4NO3(s) (N2(g) + 3H2O(g) + Al2O3(s) 根據赫斯定律， (H = Σ(H f (生成物) – Σ(H f (反應物) (H =( (H f [N2(g)] + 3 ( (H f [H2O(g)] +( (H f [Al2O3(s)] – (H f [Al(s)] –( (H f [NH4NO3(s)] –1015 =( 0 + 3 ( (–244.9) + ( (–3360) – 0 –( (H f [NH4NO3(s)] (H f [NH4NO3(s)] = –933.1 kJ mol(1 (a) C2H4(g) + 3O2(g) 2CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) ‘ 2C(s) + 2H2(g) +2O2(g)+ O2(g) 根據赫斯定律， (Hc[C2