给水排水专业英语11精要.ppt

Unit 11Disinfection New words and expressions pathogenic adj. 致病的 病原的 ozone n. 臭氧 potassium n. 钾 permanganate n. 高锰酸盐 高锰酸 injector n. 水射器 注射器 chlorinator? n. 加氯机 feedwater? n. 供水 补给水 bacteriological ? adj. 细菌学的, 细菌学上的 breakpoint chlorination n. 折点加氯/氯化 postchlorination n. 后氯化 hypochlorite n. 次氯酸盐 hypo- “在...之下,亚,次,次于,不足,从属于” hypochlorous adj. 次氯酸的 hypochlorous acid n. 次氯酸 hydrochloric adj. 氯化氢的 盐酸的 dissociate v. 分离, 电离 ionize vt. 使离子化 vi. 电离 equilibria n. 均衡, 平衡 equilibrium 的复数形式 ammonium n. 铵 ammonia n. 氨, 氨水 chloramine n. 氯胺 monochloramine n.一氯胺 di- tri- trichloride n. 三氯化物 sterile n. 灭活 杀菌 adj. 消过毒的 无菌的 suffice vi. 足够 有能力 vt. 使满足 Fifty dollars will suffice me. chlorite n. 亚氯酸盐 chlorate n. 氯酸盐 Precursor? n. 前驱 前驱物 diaphragm n. 横隔膜 光圈 振动膜 ozonation n. 臭氧化 ozonator 臭氧发生器 dessicant n. 干燥剂 dessicate v.干燥 ceramic n. 陶瓷制品 adj. 陶器的 cyanide n. 氰化物 The destruction of pathogenic bacteria in water has always been of primary concern in the treatment of potable water. Several methods are available for disinfection, including chlorine, chlorine dioxide, ozone, and potassium permanganate. Chlorination is the traditional disinfection technique practiced in the United States. Chlorine is shipped, in liquid form, in pressurized steel cylinders ranging in size from 100 lb. to 1 ton. Chlorine gas is drawn from the pressurized cylinder through a solution feeder which controls the rate of application. The injector, in a solution feed chlorinator, dissolves the gas into the feedwater. The concentrated solution is then applied to the process water. Both surface and groundwater water supplies require a chlorine residual to ensure good bacteriological quality in the distribution system. Breakpoint chlorination, prior to coagulation of a surface water, may be practiced at certain times of the year for taste and odor control in addition to disinfection. 除了消毒（加氯）外，在地表水的混凝处理之前进行折点加氯，可能用