单片机控制步进电机转速连续性最优控制方法研究教案分析.doc

本科毕业设计（论文） 题目：单片机控制步进电机转速连续性最优控制方法研究 教学单位： 控制工程学院 专 业： 自动化 学 号： 1109101032 姓 名： 毛彦雄 指导教师： 万少松 2015年 5月 摘要 步进电机是通过把脉冲电信号转换为角位移或直线位移的电动机，非常适合进行微机数字控制，在工业生产过程中应用非常广泛。它的角位移和电动机绕组的脉冲个数成正比，转速和电动机的频率成正比，通过改变脉冲频率，来控制步进电机的调速，同时，该电机还可以快速起动，制动，反转和自锁等。此外，步进电机易和计算机或其他数字元件接口连接，适用于数字控制系统。在实际应用中，如果全靠硬件来实现整个控制时，线路比较复杂，实现难度很大，且很难达到精确控制，随着单片机技术的快速发展，为实现步进电机软件控制提供了很好平台，让步进电机得到了飞速发展。近年来步进电机在工业控制方面应用增加了很多，如视频图形控制系统，数控机床，红外窑监控粉状物料的计量等，本篇论文就对单片机控制步进电机转速连续性方法中存在的问题进行分析和展开研究，并提出简化加速算法和步进电机作为速度信号源时速度连续性最优化的控制方法和分析计算。 关键词；步进电机 最优控制 脉冲间隔 时间常数 机器周期 电机转速 变加速度 计控制 Abstract Stepper motor is through the pulse signal into angular displacement or linear displacement of the motor, very suitable for microcomputer digital control, is widely used in industrial production process. Its angular displacement and pulse is proportional to the number of the motor winding, the speed and frequency is proportional to the motor, by changing the pulse frequency, to control the speed of step motor, at the same time, the motor can also be quickly starting, braking, reverse and self-locking, etc. In addition, the stepper motor interface connection and a computer or other digital components, applicable to the digital control system. In practical application, if depends on the hardware to realize the whole control circuit is more complex, implementation is very difficult, and it is difficult to achieve precise control, with the fast development of microcomputer technology, to realize the stepper motor control software provides a good platform, concessions motor got rapid development. Stepping motor in industrial controlapplications in recent years has increased a lot, such as video graphics control system, the nc machine tools, infrared kiln monitoring measurement of powder material, this paper on single chip microcomputer control stepping motor speed continuity method and analyzes the problems existing in the study, and put forward the simplified acceleration