变压器的直流偏磁.doc

摘 要 直流输电的系统做单极大地回路工作时，可能会发生直流偏磁问题。在东北地区，尽管并不存在直流输电的系统，可部分大功率的直流负荷装置同其附近大地可构成类似直流输电的单极大地运行的方式，这时对交流中性点而言，其接地运行的变压器存在的噪声同中性线直流电有可能发生直流偏磁。而探究直流偏磁发生的基本原理，并探讨多类变压器承受这类问题的能力，如其给变压器带来的具体制约作用等。文章对变压器的中性点及串接的电阻同电容器对大地中的直流电流进变压器的制约和具体的可行性做了论证，而且由继电保护同抑制中性点的直流角度出发，分析电容器及中性点的电阻器对于系统的可能作用。使用网络分析的算法分析使用电位补偿法来抑制直流电的基本原理，并得出电位补偿法基本的原理同装置参数的整定原则，而且对有关原理做了正、负电位的补偿做了模拟试验，并证明电位的补偿法可以于一定的程度上抵消系统做单极运行时所流经中性点的直流电强度，并制约直流的偏磁问题。且还综合对比各类方法存在的优缺点，便于对抑制直流偏磁的问题有效的方法进行研究。同时对深埋接地极很难有效地抑制中性点中出现直流偏磁问题的理论做了论证。 关键词 高压直流输电；变压器中性点；直流偏磁抑制；深层接地极 Abstract When the direct current transmission system single pole ground return moves, this creates the DC magnetic biasing problem through the transformer neutral point inflow transformer. In the Northeast area, there are not the direct current transmission system, but, it will have a greater impacts on the neutral point earth movement transformers noise and the transformer neutral axis direct current is inoperable for lack to the alternating-current system in when some high-power co current load and the land near the tracks and earth constitute a movement way of similar direct current transmission single pole - earth, it also can produce the DC magnetic biasing. The article analysis the basic principle creating the transformer DC magnetic biasing, and discusses influence of the different transformer to the DC magnetic biasing affordability, and the DC magnetic biasing to the bias box. the test has proven the feasibility of directs current in the transformer neutral point series connection resistor and the series connection capacitor limit flows in transformers, and has analyzed the influence that the neutral point resistor or the capacitor which created to the system from the angle suppressed the neutral point cocurrent and the relay protection. The article deduces the mechanism of suppressing the transformer neutral point direct current by the electric potential compensation method according to application network analysis algorithm, and gives the principle