无机非金属材料工程本科生毕业论文（设计）.doc

无机非金属材料工程毕业论文 环保沥青的制备 专 业: 无机非金属材料工程  摘 要 本以煤沥青为原料，采用热聚合－减压蒸馏的中间相含量，研究热缩聚条件（包括热缩聚温度、压力和反应时间等）对中间相组分形成和发展的影响，建立热缩聚条件与沥青中α树脂、β树脂、γ树脂和残碳率之间关系。用分析仪、热台偏光显微镜、场发射扫描电子显微镜和综合差热分析仪等手段对制得的热聚合沥青得元素组成、中间相小球体的形成、炭化后的形貌以及热性能进行了分析表征。结果表明：在初始压强很小的情况下，无论最终压强为多，制得的热聚合沥青中的α树脂的含量在实验测试的保温时间内，都是随时间的增加而呈增大的趋势，而β树脂的含量则减小的趋势，同时，较低的最终压强有于β树脂含量的提高。当充入氮气，给反应釜提供约0.4MPa的压强时，沥青中间相的随着保温时间的增加而增大，而α树脂的含量和β树脂的含量也相应的增 关键词： 改质沥青；中间相；环保；含碳耐火材料Abstract Thermal polymerized pitchs were prepared from coal tar pitch by method of thermal polymerization and solvent extraction. The thermal polycondensation conditions (including thermal polycondensation temperature, pressure and reaction time, etc.) on the mesophase composition formation and development were studied. The relationship between conditions of thermal polycondensation, α, β, γ resin of coal tar pitch, and the rate of residual carbon was established. Formation of small mesophase spheres, the microstructure of pitchs after coking and thermal performance of thermal polymerization pitchs were studied by means of Raman spectrometer, hot stage polarized light microscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope and differential thermal analyzer. It suggested that, in the case of very small initial pressure, regardless of the pressure, α-resin content of the thermal polymerization pitchs are increasing with the prolong of soaking time, while β-resin content are decreased at the same time. Lower final pressure is beneficial to the increase of β-resin content. When the reactor is filled with 0.4MPa nitrogen, the mesophase of the pitch increases significantly with the prolong of soaking time, while the content of α and β resin substantially increase, and the residual char yield increase slightly. Keywords: Modified pitch; Mesophase; Green; Carbon refractories 目 录 第1章 文献综述 1 1.1 常用碳质结合剂简介 1 1.1.1 酚醛树脂结合剂 1 1.1.2 沥青类结合剂 2 1.2 煤沥青简介 2 1.2.1 煤沥青种类和应用 2 1.2.2 煤沥青的组成与结构 3 1.2.3 煤沥青的炭化过程 6 1.3 煤沥青结合剂的工艺性能 7 1.3.1 软化点 7 1.3.2 表面张力和固－液相界面接触角 8 1.3.3