杂交玉米高产制种的技术措施.docVIP

杂交玉米高产制种的技术措施 Corn hybrid variety has the advantages of high yield, strong resistance, so in the corn belt, planting mixed optimal varieties has become a important way to improve yield and increase farmers income. In order to improve the corn hybrid seed production, high-yield maize hybrid seed production technique, I conducted three years breeding test. Yield increase by 1200 kg/hm2 to now 2325 kg/hm2, increase 93.75%. Now the high-yielding seed production technology introduced as follows. 1栽培措施 1 cultural practices 1.1选地及整地 1.1 choose and site preparation 选隔离条件较好,土壤肥力和光照条件较好,集中连片,有排灌条件,保水保肥力强的地为制种地,并做到精细整地,畦面无大土块,无杂草,无作物残根,达到松、细、平。 Choose better isolation conditions, soil fertility and light conditions are good, concentrated, irrigation and drainage conditions, strong retention of fertility of the earth for the seed, and do the fine soil preparation, no big clods, strip, no weeds, no residual roots of plants, and to loose, thin and flat. 1.2重施底肥,增施磷钾肥 1.2 return to fertilizers, increasing under phosphorus application 制种地要求每亩施优质农家肥1500~2000kg、钙镁磷50kg、钾肥10kg。提高植株的抗病能力。 Seed production to high-quality farmyard manure applied 1500 ~ 2000 kg per acre, 50 kg calcium magnesium phosphate, potash, 10 kg. Improve the plant disease resistance. 1.3合理安排群体结构 1.3 arrange group structure 父母本行比1:5,大行距90cm,小行距40cm,株距25cm,父本留双株,母本间隔留单双株,每亩母本4500株,父本1500株。 Parents bank than 1:5, big space, 90 cm, 40 cm small spacing, planting distance 25 cm, male parent for double strains, between female parent to stay single and double strain, female parent per 4500 plants, 1500 strains of male parent. 1.4 合理确定播种期 1.4 reasonable seeding time 玉米各生育阶段所需的光、温、水必须与当地的气候条件相适应,才能正常生长。播种过早,低温阴雨天气易造成烂芽;播种过迟,抽雄吐丝遇梅雨高湿气候不利于授粉,影响结实率。在贺州市农科所(信都镇),早造制种可在2月下旬播种,利用地膜覆盖育苗效果较好。 Corn light, temperature, growth stage and must be adapted to local climatic conditions, water can be normal growth. Early sowing, cold wet weather is easy to cause bad bud; Too late sowing, tasseling spinning in plum rains humidity cl