中考复习专项10 [简单句和并列句].docVIP

2008年句容二中中考复习专项10 [简单句和并列句] 引言：※句子的分类。根据语气可分为：陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。 根据结构可分为：简单句、并列句和复合句。 ※简单句是只包括一个主谓结构的句子。 ※并列句是包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子，句子之间常用并列连词连接。常见的连词有and, but, or, so等。 一、常见的五种基本句型。 1. Ｓ＋Ｖ，主谓，谓语动词一般为不及物动词； ①The bus stopped. S Vi ② Tom has arrived. 2. Ｓ＋Ｖ＋Ｐ，主谓（系）表，谓语动词一般为连系动词； （表语可以是名词，形容词，动词不定式、动名词短语、介词短语或句子等）。 连系动词DO，主谓宾，谓语动词一般为及物动词，如果是不及物动词，后面要跟介词再接宾语； ①I like English. S V DO ②She likes watching TV. ③She wants to go shopping. ④Tom gets to school at 6:00am. ⑤Tom often laughs at me. ⑥Jim is making a kite. 4.Ｓ＋Ｖ＋DＯ＋OC，主谓宾补，宾语补足语可以是形容词、名词、动词不定式等. ①I find English [easy]. S V DO OC ②They keep their eyes [closed]. ③She asked me [to go shopping]. ④She makes me [laugh]. ⑤I wish you [a good holiday] ⑥I find Tom [a clever boy]. ⑦I can hear Tom [singing an English song]. 5. Ｓ＋Ｖ＋ＩＯ＋ＤＯ，主谓双宾，接双宾语的动词有buy, give, show, tell, teach, offer, provide等。一般物为直接宾语（DO），人为间接宾语（IO）。 (give sb. sth. = give sth. to sb. ) (buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.) ①She gave me a pen. S V IO DO ②She buy me a pen. 二、常见的并列句： (1) 用来连接两个并列概念的连接词有and , not only…but also…, neither…nor…, as well as等,and所连接的前后分句往往表示平行关系、顺接关系、对照关系、先后关系、递进关系。前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。 ①He likes playing football and he plays well.他喜欢踢足球，并且踢得很好。? The child is lively as well as healthy. 这孩子既健康又活泼。 = The child is not only lively but also healthy. (2) 表示在两者之间选择一个, 常用的连接词有or, otherwise, either…or…等,前后分句的时态往往保持一致关系,若第一个分句是祈使句,那么第二个分句用将来时。 ①Now you can have a rest or you can go to the cinema．(3) 表明两个概念彼此有矛盾、相反或者转折, 常用的连接词有but, yet, still ,however, while(而)等,前后分句时态一致。 ①It has no mouth, but it can talk. 它没有嘴巴，但是它会说话。School is over, yet all the teachers are still working. 学校放学了，可是老师们仍然在工作。③He wants to be a writer, while I want to be a scientist. 他想当作家，而我则想当科学家。(4) 说明原因或理由, 用连接词for ,前后分句时态一致。 He has many good friends, for he is an honest man。他有许多好朋友，因为他是个诚实的男子汉。 (5)so, 前后分句时态一致。 Mr. Li went t