(毕业设计)夹套反应釜的改造设计与疲劳研究要点分析.docVIP

摘要 在化工生产过程中，随着工艺生产条件要求的提高，原设备往往因不能满足生产条件的需要而遭废置。对原有的压力容器进行改造设计，使其强度、刚度等满足新的生产条件的要求，可以大大的降低生产成本，提高经济效益。改造后的压力容器则需要对其安全性进行重新的评估，使其能保证安全生产。 本文研究的对象是改变工作条件后受交变载荷的夹套反应釜设备，对其主要进行了以下研究： （1）通过对夹套反应釜的结构分析，对其模型进行了简化，然后在ANSYS软件中使用壳单元建立其有限元模型。基于弹性力学有限元分析，计算了改造前该设备各处的应力，得出其无法在新的工作载荷下安全工作的结论。 （2）提出了对该夹套反应釜改造的三种方案，并根据经济性和安全性选取了最合适的改造方案，即在上、下夹套与内筒体连接处分别焊接了32、16块10mm厚的筋板。有限元计算结果表明改造后的该设备能在新的工作载荷下安全工作。 （3）运用有限元方法，考虑了设备材料的塑性变形，对改造后的夹套反应釜分别进行了弹塑性分析和安定性分析，得到了更为接近工程实际的应力分析结果，并进一步的说明了该改造后该设备的安全性。 （4）基于分析设计对改造过后的夹套反应釜的最大应力点20714进行了应力分类，保证了该节点处的一次和二次应力满足要求。再利用S-N曲线进行疲劳评定，分析结果显示改造后的该夹套反应釜满足疲劳要求。 本文对压力容器改造设计和受交变载荷的容器的疲劳研究能提供一些参考和指导，具有一定的理论意义和工程实用价值。 关键词:改造设计;有限元;疲劳分析 Abstract With the improvement of the conditions required for the production process, the original equipment which cannot meet the needs of production conditions are often abandoned in the chemical production process. But the original equipment can have enough strength and stiffness to meet the requirements of the new production conditions by reconstruction. The equipment reconstruction can also improve economic benefit because the production costs would be greatly reduced. After reconstruction, The safety of the pressure vessel should be evaluated again to ensure the safe production. In this paper, the study object is the jacketed reactor which bears alternating load after changing the working condition. The main works are as follows: （1）Based on analysis of the jacketed reactor’s structure , The model was simplified. Then the finite element model was established by using shell elements in ANSYS. The stress in the original equipment was calculated by elastic finite element analysis. The conclusion was that the original equipment cannot work safely in the new work load. （2）Three options for the jacketed reactor reconstruction were put forward, and the most appropriate program was selected according to the economic and security. The best solution is that 32 rib plates are welded around the upper cylinder and the jacket and 16 rib p