chapter9designengineering课件.pptVIP

Chapter 9Design Engineering Analysis ? Design Design Concepts abstraction — data, procedure, control architecture — the overall structure of the software patterns — “conveys the essence” of a proven design solution modularity — compartmentalization of data and function information hiding — controlled interfaces functional independence — high cohesion and low coupling refinement — elaboration of detail for all abstractions refactoring — improve design without effecting behavior Abstraction et al. Abstraction process – extracting essential details entity – a model or focused representation Information hiding the suppression of inessential information Encapsulation process – enclosing items in a container entity – enclosure that holds the items Data Abstraction Procedural Abstraction Architecture Patterns A pattern for software architecture describes a particular recurring design problem that arises in specific design contexts, and presents a well-proven generic scheme for its solution. The solution scheme is specified by describing its constituent components, their responsibilities and relationships, and the ways in which they collaborate. Patterns Design Patterns The best designers in any field have an uncanny ability to see patterns that characterize a problem and corresponding patterns that can be combined to create a solution A description of a design pattern may also consider a set of design forces. Design forces describe non-functional requirements (e.g., ease of maintainability, portability) associated the software for which the pattern is to be applied. The pattern characteristics (classes, responsibilities, and collaborations) indicate the attributes of the design that may be adjusted to enable the pattern to accommodate a variety of problems. Patterns An architectural pattern expresses a fundamental structural organization schema for software systems. It provides a set of predefined subsystems, specifies their responsibilities, and includes rules and gui