基于ARM的PWM电机调速系统硬件设计材料.doc

基于ARM的PWM电机调速系统硬件设计 摘要：直流电动机具有优良的调速特性和良好的启动性能和调速性能，调速平滑、方便，调速范围广等被广泛使用。为了能够让直流电机有利于程序化及简单易用的目的，课题选择了H桥直流电机驱动电路。H桥直流电机驱动电路中功率器件工作在开关饱和导通状态，通过改变功率器件的驱动脉冲信号的开通与关断的时间，来改变加在负载两端的平均电压的大小，当负载为直流电动机时，也就实现了电动机的调压调速控制。H桥直流电机驱动电路可以采用外加PWM波形来控制。通常情况下，由于PWM 调速系统开关频率较，靠电枢电感滤波作用就可获得平稳的直流电流，低速特性好。同样由于开关频率高，快速响应特性好，动态抗干扰强，可以获得很宽的频带。开关器件工作开关状态主电路损耗小装置效率高。PWM 调速系统很早已出现但是因为缺乏高速开关元件而未能在生产实际中推广应用。在近年来由于大功率开关器件的制造成功和成本的不断下降 PWM调速系统又受到重视。 关键字：PWM；直流电动机；H桥；PWM motor speed control system hardware design Abstract：DC motors have excellent speed control characteristics and a good start-up performance and speed performance, speed smooth, wide speed range is widely used. In order to enable the DC motor procedures and easy-to-use purposes, the subjects chose the H-bridge DC motor driver circuit. State power devices work in the H-bridge DC motor drive circuit in the switch saturated hydraulic conductivity by changing the power device drive pulse signal the opening and turn-off time, to change the size of the increase in the average voltage across the load when the load for the DC motor also the regulator speed control of motors. H-bridge DC motor drive circuit plus PWM waveform control. Under normal circumstances, because of high switching frequency of the PWM speed control system, relying on the filtering effect of the armature inductance can smooth DC current, low-speed characteristics. Similarly, due to the high switching frequency, fast response characteristics, the dynamic anti-interference ability, you can get a very wide frequency band. Switching devices only work in the switch state, the loss of the main circuit, high efficiency devices. PWM speed control system is already appeared, but failed to promote the use of actual production because of the lack of high-speed switching elements. In recent years due to declining success and cost of the manufacture of high-power switching devices, PWM speed control system and be taken seriously. Keywords:?PWM;?DC?motor;?H-bridge;目录 1 绪论 1 1.1 技术背景 1