Manualhandling(人工搬运)报告.pptVIP

Manual handling人工搬运 What is Ergonomics?什么是人机工程？ Ergonomics is the science of fitting workplace conditions and job demands to the capabilities of employees. ( U.S. Dept.of Health)人机工程是改善工作环境和因人能力而改变工作需求的科学 Ergonomic principles are used to improve the “fit” between the worker and the workplace.原则是改善工人和工作区域的关系。 A practical approach to Ergonomics considers the match between the person, the equipment they use the work processes and the work environment.人，机器，环境三者协调和匹配 A persons capabilities, physical attributes and work habits must be recognized to improve ergonomic factors in the workplace. 识别人员的能力，体力状态和工作习惯必须识别，改善工作环境的人机工程要素 Ergonomic Statistics 90% of all office workers use personal computers. 90％办公室员工使用电脑 In 1997 work related musculoskeletal disorders reached 275,000 cases. 97年相关伤害约275，000起 Carpal Tunnel Syndrome comprises 13% of all workplace injuries. 13％工作环境损伤有劳损 Women outnumber men 3:1 sustaining Carpal Tunnel Syndrome. 女工： 男工大于3：1，更容易伤害 WMSD’s account for $20 billion in direct costs each year and $100 billion in indirect costs. The benefits of an ergonomic program好处 Decreased injuries,illnesses, and workers’ compensation costs.减少伤害 Increased efficiency at work. 提高工作效率 Decreased absenteeism and turnover. 减少旷工和离职率 Increase in employee morale. 提高员工的工作积极性 Common Body Parts being injured受伤部位 Tennis Elbow 肘部 Neck and Back injuries颈部和背部伤害 Strains/Sprains 疲劳 Trigger finger 手指 Repetition重复性动作 Occurs when the same or similar movements are performed frequently.相同或相似的频繁移动 Repetition can also occur when different tasks are performed if those tasks have the same movements.不同的任务但相同的移动动作 Injury may result from repetition when the tissues do not have adequate time to recover. 伤害来自于软组织没有足够的时间恢复 Force 力 量 Force is the amount of physical effort required by a person to do a task or maintain control of tools or equipment.使用的物理力量 A pinch grip produces 3-5 times more force on the tendons in the wrist than a grip with the whole h