第六章航天器通信特征和关键技术介绍.ppt

Key Technology of Spacecraft Communication How to solve the problem that ensure reliable可靠 transmission of the ultra-long-range超长距 radio signal is the biggest challenge faced by deep space communications. Since the spacecraft’s weight, volume体积 and energy are limited, many technically pressure压力 falls on the devices on the Earth (deep space station). * High sensitivity receiving system An effective way to overcome the effects of noise is that the Earth‘s deep space station uses highly sensitive receiver system高灵敏度接收系统. Receiver sensitivity接收机灵敏度: refers to the minimum signal level detected by the receiver, under a given SNR that makes the receiver demodulate the data accurately. Sensitivity is a power level. If the received power is greater than大于 or equal to等于 the sensitivity level, the receiver can extract提取 the information contained in the transmitted signal correctly. If the received power is less than the sensitivity level, the quality of the extracted information is below the standard quality. * Improve the sensitivity Improve the receiver’s antenna gain. Reduce the receiver’s internal noise内部噪声. Modulation Technology Channel coding and modulation technology is an extremely important part of deep space communication. Efficient modulation / demodulation techniques Modulation is to change some characteristics of a signal wave according to the special variety 特殊变化of another signal wave (information source). Communication distance is large, the receiver signal to noise ratio (SNR) is very low. Limited energy of spacecraft and landing equipment. Spacecraft processing capacity is limited, the processing overhead开销 of transmission and reception needs to be small. * Modulation type Constant envelope modulation 常包络调制 Constant envelope modulation signal has constant envelope, is able to work in the nonlinear amplification area 非线性放大区of the high power amplifier, and makes full use of RF power resources, therefore, constant envelope modulation has been widely ap