苯-甲苯连续分离工程浮阀精馏塔设计解说.docVIP

摘 要 本次化工原理课程设计任务为：苯-甲苯连续分离工程浮阀精馏塔设计。原理处理能力为60000吨/年、原料组成40%（质量分数）、塔顶产品浓度（质量分数）96%、塔顶产品收率0.99；常压操作，间接蒸汽加热；泡点进料、塔顶表压4kPa、单板压降≤0.7kPa；该设计塔主要用于武汉地区，年工作日300天（7200h）。 此次设计过程的主要设计内容为：确定设计方案、全塔物料衡算、最小回流比及实际回流比确定、理论塔板数及实际塔板数求取、塔径及塔板工艺尺寸计算、流体力学性能校核及负荷性能图、塔结构及其他附属设备的设计等。以上设计内容的主要设计结果为：R/Rmin=1.8、实际塔板数27块、全塔效率52.87%、塔径1.4米；精馏段塔板堰长0.98米、堰高0.0457米、F1型重阀（代号Z）、塔板实际阀孔数139个、操作弹性3.68；提馏段塔板堰长0.98米、堰高0.0366米、F1型重阀（代号Z）、塔板实际阀孔数147个、操作弹性3.46等。 关键词：苯-甲苯；浮阀精馏塔；物料衡算；回流比；操作弹性 Abstract The principles of chemical engineering course design task is: the benzene - toluene separation process of float valve column design. Raw material processing capacity of 60000 tons/year, raw material of 40% (mass fraction), the concentration of the overhead product 96% (mass fraction),coefficient of recovery of tower top 0.99; Atmospheric pressure operation, direct steam heating; Bubble point pressure feed, top table 0.7 kPa pressure drop 4 kPa, veneer or less; The design of tower is mainly used in wuhan area, in working days as 300 days. The design process of main design content is: to determine the design scheme, the whole tower material balance, minimum reflux ratio and reflux ratio to determine actual and theoretical plate number and real plate number to calculate the diameter and size plate process calculation, tower, fluid mechanics performance test and load performance diagram, design of tower structure, and other ancillary equipment, etc. Main design results of the above design content is: R/Rmin = 1.8, the actual plate number 27 piece, the whole tower efficiency 52.87%, the tower diameter 1.4 meters; Rectifying plate weir 0.98 meters long, 0.0457 meters high weir type, F1 valve code (Z) and plate the actual valve port number 139, operating flexibility, 3.68; Stripping section plate weir 0.98 meters long, 0.0366 meters high weir type, F1 heavy valve code (Z), the actual valve plate hole number 147 and 3.46 elasticity of operation, etc. Key words: benzene - toluene; Float valve plate column; Material