lesson27工业机器人.docVIP

Lesson 27 Industrial Robots 工业机器人 There are variety of definitions of the term robot .Depending on the definition used ,the number of robot installations worldwide varies widely .Numerous single-purpose machines are used in manufacturing plants that might appear to be robots .These machines are hardwired to perform a single function and cannot be reprogrammed to perform a different function .Such single-purpose machines do not fit the definition for industrial robots that is becoming widely accepted .This definition was developed by the Robot Institute of America . 有许多关于机器人这个术语的定义。采用不同的定义,全世界各地机器人的数量就会发生很大的变化。在制造工厂中使用的许多单用途机器可能会看起来像机器人。这些机器是硬连线的,不能通过重新编程的方式去完成不同的工作。这种单用途的机器不能满足被人们日益广泛接受的关于工业机器人的定义。这个定义是由美国机器人协会提出的: A robot is a reprogrammable multifunctional manipulator designed to move material ,parts ,tools ,or specialized devices through variable programmed motions for the performance of a variety of tasks . 机器人是一个可以改编程序的多功能操作器,被设计用来按照预先编制的、能够完成多种作业的运动程序运送材料、零件、工具或者专用设备。 Notes that this definition contains the words reprogrammable and multifunctional .It is these two characteristics that separate the true industrial robot from the various single-purpose machines used in modern manufacturing firming .The term “reprogrammable” implies two things: The robot operates according to a written program ,and this program can be rewritten to accommodate a variety of manufacturing tasks . 注意在这个定义中包含有“可以改编程序”和“多功能”,这两个词正是这两个词将真正的机器人与现代制造工厂中使用的单一用途的机器区分开来。“可以改编程序”,这个术语意味着两件事:机器人根据编写的程序工作,以及可以通过重新编写程序来适应不同种类的制造工作的需要。 The term “multifunctional” means that the robot can ,through reprogramming and the use of different end-effectors ,perform a number of different manufacturing tasks .Definitions written around these two critical characteristics are becoming the accepted definitions among manufacturing professionals . “多功能这个词意味着机器人能通过编程和使用不同的末端执行机构,来完成不同的制造工作。围绕着这两个关键特征所撰写的定义正在变成为制造业的专业人员所接受的定义。 The first articulated arm came about in 1951 and was used by the U.S. Atomic Energy Com