职称英语卫生类C级真题译文资料.docVIP

2014年真题 第2部分 Some Schooling on Backpacks 一些关于背包的知识 According to the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, 5.900 kids were treated at hospital emergency rooms, clinics, and doctors’ offices last year for sprains and strains caused by backpacks. Such injuries are so widespread that more than 70 percent of physicians surveyed by the American Academy of Orthopedic（整形外科的）Surgeons listed backpacks as a potential clinical problem for children.根据美国消费产品安全委员会的数据，去年有5900名儿童因为由于背包导致的扭伤和拉伤而送进医院急诊室、诊所和医生办公室。这种伤害是如此普遍，70%参与美国整形外科医生学会调查的医生都认为背包对儿童有潜在的临床危险。How do you avoid such problems? Choose bags that have wide, padded straps 有垫的肩带 and a belt. That will help transfer some of the weight from the back and shoulders to the hips. You should also tighten both straps firmly, so the pack rests about 2 inches above your waist. Also, remember to pack your bag with the heaviest items closest to your back and to bend both knees when you pick it up.你应该采取什么措施避免这类问题呢？答案是：选择配有宽的、有垫的肩带和腰带的书包。它把一些原本在背部和肩部的重量转移到臀部。你还应该系紧两边的肩带，这样背包就能保持在腰部2英寸以上。同时还要注意把最终的东西放在背包中离你后背最近的地方，把包背起来的时候双膝要弯曲。How much should you stuff into your pack? That depends on your size and strength. But a general rule is not to exceed 20 percent of your body weight, so if a child weighs 100 pounds, the backpack and its load should not be more than 20 pounds. One hint. Make frequent trips to your locker to exchange books between classes.背包里应该塞多少东西合适呢？这要取决于你的身材和强壮程度，但是一般规则是不要超过你体重的20%，所以一个重100磅的孩子背的背包和包里的负重加起来不应该超过20磅。友情提示：课间多去储物柜更换要用的书。Backpacks with wheels let you pull the weight along the ground, but they have problems too. Many are larger than the average shoulder bag, so students are tempted to carry more than they would in a conventional pack.带轮子的背包可以让你把重物在地上拖着，但是它们同样有问题。这些背包往往比普通肩带式背包大，所以学生们会不自觉地往里面放入更多东西。Roller bags often dont fit into a locker. They can also lead to tapping and falls in crowded halls. Whatever you use, 10 or 15 minutes of stretching and back strengthening is a good idea.带轮子的包通常来说不适合放进储物柜。在拥挤的大厅