天然气处理工艺讲述.pptVIP

Natural gas processing Dr. Lenovor US Stanford * ? Natural gas processing natural gas is gaseous form of petroleum mostly methane (C1), some ethane(C2), propane (C3), butanes (C4), pentanes (C5), hexanes (C6) and C7+ Reserves at Year End: Natural Gas: 1.6 trillion m3 (56.5 trillion ft3) Production: Natural Gas: 484 million m3/d (17.1 billion ft3/d) Prices: Natural Gas – Nymex Henry Hub $8,300 US$/MJ (8.77 US$/mmbtu) ? ? ? Exports: Natural Gas: 289 million m3/d (10.2 billion ft3/d) Share of Primary Energy Consumption (2000): Natural Gas: 30% ? Crude Oil: 38% ? Coal: 11% ? Electricity – Hydro: 10% ? Electricity – Nuclear: 3% ? Other: 10% Inlet Separators Condensate Stabilization Acid Gas Removal Sulphur Recovery Dehydration/Compression Propane/Butane Processing e.g. deep cut, turboexpansion C5+ C3 , C4 condensate (C2-C5+) C1 , C2, H2S, CO2 etc.. C1 , C2, H2O H2S, CO2 HC, SO2, CO2 S Simplified PFD for Sour Gas Processing Plant Point of processing is to meet pipeline/storage/use specifications Pipeline Specification (Typical) Oxygen 10 ppm Nitrogen 3 % CO2 2-3% pipeline to 100 ppm for LPG plant feed H2S low as 4 ppm (0.25grains/100 scf) for pipeline higher for fuel gas CS2, COS, RSH 20 grains/100 scf H2S, Sulfurs Pass Copper Strip, ASTM D-2420 CO2 varies – 0.35 LVP of Ethane content 1000 ppm orless, depends on application Natural Gas Liquid (NGL) Specifications: Inlet Separation Gas Sweetening Dehydration Acid Gas Injection Condensate Stabilization Dewpoint Control and Compression gas from wells C2-C5+ light gases C5+ natural gas to market acid gas Simplified PFD for Sable Island Inlet Sep Condensate stabilization/ fractionation Amine plant dehy comp Claus Plant C1, C2 some C3-C4 +contaminants acid gas C1, C2 some C3-C4 +H2O C1, C2 some C3-C4 SO2, CO2, CO etc.. S C5+,C3-C4 C3-C4 C5+ Sour Gas Plant in AB 2.1 Auxiliary Equipment a) fired equipment - heat exchangers throu