环境工程专业英语第一章 (NXPowerLite).ppt

Considerable gaps in our current scientific knowledge of understanding and controlling many of the complex interactions between human activities and nature 在理解和控制在人类活动和自然界复杂的相互作用上所需的科学知识的巨大差异 Many environmental problems which could be eliminated or reduced by the application of current technology, but which are not dealt with because of society’s lack of will to do so, or in many instances because of a lack of resources to do so. 很多环境问题利用现有的技术是能够得到消除或降低的，但为什么却没有实施，原因就在于社会不愿意去做，或者缺乏必需的资源。 Environment is the physical and biotic habitat which surrounds us; that which we can see, hear, touch, smell, and taste. 环境：是指我们周围的物理和生物生境，我们可以看到，听到，触到，闻到和感受到这些事物。 System. according to Wehster’ s dictionary , is defined as “a set or arrangement of things so related or connected as to form a unit or organic whole; as, a solar system, irrigation system, supply system, the world or universe”. 系统：根据韦氏字典的定义，就是“一系列有联系或有关系的事物形成的一个有机整体或一个单元”，像太阳系、灌溉系统、供应系统、世界或宇宙。 Pollution can be defined as an undesirable change in the physical, chemical, or biological characteristics of the air, water, or land that can harmfully affect the health, survival, or activities of humans or other living organisms. 污染可以定义为空气、水和陆地的物理、化学或生物性能受到了被迫性的改变，对人类的健康、生存和活动或其他生命机体造成了伤害 When the goal of improving environmental quality is taken to be improving human well being. the word “environment” broadens to include all kinds of social, economic, and cultural aspects. 当改善环境质量目标用来改善人体健康时，环境这个词的含义就拓宽到包括各种社会、经济和文化方面。 Leading In Such broadness is unworkable in many real situations and impractical in a textbook designed for a one-semester course. 事实上，这样的扩展对许多情况是不可行的，而且在教科书上设定为一个学期的课程也是不切实际的。 Our examination of environmental problems is therefore limited by our definition of “environment”. 因此，我们对环境问题的应对受我们的“环境”定义的限定 A number of different environmental problems are associated with water, air, or land systems. 许多不同的环境问题跟水、大气和土壤圈密切相关 Many of these problems will apply only within one of these systems, justifying the breakdo